1995年至2001年美国儿科重症监护病房的发展情况。

Growth of pediatric intensive care units in the United States from 1995 to 2001.

作者信息

Randolph Adrienne G, Gonzales Calle A, Cortellini Lynelle, Yeh Timothy S

机构信息

Department of Anesthesia, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.

出版信息

J Pediatr. 2004 Jun;144(6):792-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2004.03.019.

DOI:10.1016/j.jpeds.2004.03.019

PMID:15192628

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To describe the growth and distribution of pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) beds in the United States from 1995 to 2001 and the characteristics of PICUs in 2001.

STUDY DESIGN

This was a cross-sectional survey of PICUs in 1995 to 1996 and 2001 to 2002.

RESULTS

There were 306 general PICUs in the United States in 1995 and 349 in 2001 (13.7% growth). In both survey periods, approximately half of the PICUs had <or=8 beds. The largest growth (34.4%) was in PICUs with >or=15 beds. There were 3899 PICU beds in 2001 (23.9% increase from 1995), with a mean number of PICU beds per pediatric population (age <18 years) of 1/18542 in the United States (17.5% increase from 1995). There was an increase in the number of annual admissions, occupancy rate, length of stay, percentage intubated, mortality rate, and number of intensivists per PICU with increasing bed size. In 2001, 94% of PICUs had a pediatric intensivist on staff, and these specialists were in-house at night in 17% of all PICUs and in 30% of PICUs with >or=15 beds.

CONCLUSIONS

The number of PICU beds is growing more rapidly than the rate of pediatric population growth. The impetus for this growth is unclear.

摘要

目的

描述1995年至2001年美国儿科重症监护病房（PICU）床位的增长和分布情况以及2001年PICU的特征。

研究设计

这是一项对1995年至1996年以及2001年至2002年期间PICU的横断面调查。

结果

1995年美国有306个普通PICU，2001年有349个（增长13.7%）。在两个调查期间，约一半的PICU床位≤8张。床位≥15张的PICU增长幅度最大（34.4%）。2001年有3899张PICU床位（比1995年增加23.9%），美国每18542名儿科人口（年龄＜18岁）的PICU床位平均数为1张（比1995年增加17.5%）。随着床位规模的增加，每个PICU的年入院人数、入住率、住院时间、插管百分比、死亡率以及重症监护医生数量均有所增加。2001年，94%的PICU有儿科重症监护医生在职，其中17%的PICU这些专家夜间在岗，在床位≥15张的PICU中这一比例为30%。