Department of Medical Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Udine, Viale Ungheria 20, 33100 Udine, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Sep 9;18(18):9507. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18189507.
Measuring the effectiveness of nursing interventions in intensive care units has been established as a priority. However, little is reported about the paediatric population. The aims of this study were (a) to map the state of the art of the science in the field of nursing-sensitive outcomes (NSOs) in paediatric intensive care units (PICUs) and (b) to identify all reported NSOs documented to date in PICUs by also describing their metrics. A scoping review was conducted by following the framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley. Fifty-eight articles were included. Publications were mainly authored in the United States and Canada ( = 28, 48.3%), and the majority ( = 30, 51.7%) had an observational design. A total of 46 NSOs were documented. The most reported were related to the clinical ( = 83), followed by safety ( = 41) and functional ( = 18) domains. Regarding their metrics, the majority of NSOs were measured in their occurrence using quantitative single measures, and a few validated tools were used to a lesser extent. No NSOs were reported in the perceptual domain. Nursing care of critically ill children encompasses three levels: improvement in clinical performance, as measured by clinical outcomes; assurance of patient care safety, as measured by safety outcomes; and promotion of fundamental care needs, as measured by functional outcomes. Perceptual outcomes deserve to be explored.
衡量重症监护病房护理干预措施的效果已被确定为优先事项。然而，关于儿科人群的报道却很少。本研究的目的是(a) 绘制儿科重症监护病房（PICU）护理敏感结局（NSO）领域的科学现状图，(b) 通过描述其指标，确定迄今为止在 PICU 中记录的所有报告的 NSO。本研究采用 Arksey 和 O'Malley 提出的框架进行了范围综述。共纳入 58 篇文章。出版物主要由美国和加拿大的作者撰写（=28，48.3%），大多数（=30，51.7%）采用观察性设计。共记录了 46 个 NSO。报告最多的是与临床（=83）相关的 NSO，其次是安全性（=41）和功能（=18）领域。关于它们的指标，大多数 NSO 是使用定量单一指标来衡量其发生的，较少使用一些经过验证的工具。感知领域没有报告 NSO。危重病儿童的护理包括三个层次：临床绩效的提高，通过临床结果来衡量；患者护理安全的保证，通过安全结果来衡量；以及基本护理需求的促进，通过功能结果来衡量。感知结果值得探讨。
