Sothmann M S, Gebhardt D L, Baker T A, Kastello G M, Sheppard V A
School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA.
Ergonomics. 2004 Jun 22;47(8):864-75. doi: 10.1080/00140130410001670372.
Employment rights legislative mandates passed in the USA over the last three decades emphasize the importance of validating performance standards for physically strenuous occupations. This study validated minimally acceptable standards for the muscular strength and endurance necessary to perform fire suppression activities. Incumbent firefighters (n=153) selected for key demographic characteristics completed a simulated set of firefighting tasks (Fire Suppression Evolution) and then a Predictor Test Battery of physical abilities tests. Regression analysis revealed that three predictor test items (hose drag/high rise pack carry; arm lift; arm endurance) combined to significantly predict performance time of the Fire Suppression Evolution (p < or =0.01). Firefighters (n=41) rating videotaped performance times of the Fire Suppression Evolution determined that more than one-half a standard deviation slower than the mean time established by the incumbents reflected unacceptable performance. Approximately 80% of incumbent firefighters passed the minimally acceptable performance standard. Use of the 3-predictor test battery would correctly identify 89% of successful performers and 72% of unsuccessful performers. This study demonstrates that validation of minimal physical performance standards will identify a cohort of individuals with a high probability of not being able to perform critical fire suppression activities. This finding has important implications for examining the relationship between physical performance standards and medical and economic outcomes.
过去三十年里美国通过的就业权利立法规定强调了验证体力要求高的职业绩效标准的重要性。本研究验证了进行灭火活动所需的肌肉力量和耐力的最低可接受标准。根据关键人口统计学特征挑选出的在职消防员(n = 153)完成了一组模拟灭火任务(灭火演练),然后进行了体能测试预测电池组测试。回归分析显示,三个预测测试项目(水带拖拽/高层建筑背包搬运;手臂提升;手臂耐力)相结合,能够显著预测灭火演练的表现时间(p≤0.01)。对灭火演练录像表现时间进行评分的消防员(n = 41)确定,比在职人员确定的平均时间慢超过半个标准差反映出表现不可接受。大约80%的在职消防员通过了最低可接受绩效标准。使用这一包含三个预测项目的测试电池组能够正确识别89%的成功执行者和72%的不成功执行者。本研究表明,对最低体能表现标准进行验证将识别出一群极有可能无法进行关键灭火活动的个体。这一发现对于研究体能表现标准与医疗和经济结果之间的关系具有重要意义。