Nevola Venturino R, Lowe Maxwell D, Marston Colin A
Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (DSTL), Fareham, Hampshire, UK.
Work. 2019;63(4):521-536. doi: 10.3233/WOR-192914.
The roles of the emergency services are challenging and often physically demanding. Readiness to meet these challenges and demands is a fundamental requirement for staff to deliver their roles safely and effectively. Furthermore, employers are required by law to demonstrate every reasonable effort to protect their staff from undue risk of work-related injury. Implementing Physical Employment Standards (PES) enables employers to assign staff to roles for which they are physically-suited whilst contributing to such duty-of-care. However, for PES to be successful and legally-defendable, standards must reflect the demands of those job-tasks which are truly critical to the readiness of these services.
To determine whether a standardised approach to identifying critical job-tasks exists in the development of PES for the emergency services.
Studies which conducted analysis of job-tasks to develop PES within the emergency services were reviewed.
Forty-two reported studies (i.e. records) met the inclusion criteria. Methods to determine job-tasks varied but were typically criteria-based incorporating one, or all, of 9 reported techniques. Methods were subjective and based upon reference to past or present job-task performance.
Correctly determining critical job-tasks is essential for effective, legally-defendable PES. A standardised method to define job-tasks remains to be established.
应急服务工作具有挑战性，且对体力要求较高。做好应对这些挑战和要求的准备是工作人员安全、有效地履行职责的基本要求。此外，法律要求雇主必须尽一切合理努力保护员工免受与工作相关的不当受伤风险。实施体能就业标准（PES）能使雇主将员工分配到与其身体条件相适应的岗位，同时有助于履行这种照护职责。然而，要使PES取得成功并在法律上站得住脚，标准必须反映那些对这些服务的应急准备真正至关重要的工作任务的要求。
确定在为应急服务制定PES的过程中，是否存在一种标准化的方法来识别关键工作任务。
对在应急服务领域开展工作任务分析以制定PES的研究进行综述。
42项报告的研究（即记录）符合纳入标准。确定工作任务的方法各不相同，但通常是基于标准的，纳入了9种报告技术中的一种或全部。这些方法主观且基于对过去或当前工作任务表现的参考。
正确确定关键工作任务对于有效且在法律上站得住脚的PES至关重要。定义工作任务的标准化方法仍有待确立。
