Glass D Lynn, Rebstock Jan, Handberg Eileen
Self-Insurance Program, Patient Safety and Clinical Quality Center, University of Florida, PO Box 103578, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
J Perinat Neonatal Nurs. 2004 Apr-Jun;18(2):103-14; quiz 115-6. doi: 10.1097/00005237-200404000-00005.
The Federal Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act (EMTALA) is one of the most difficult laws to interpret and the easiest to violate. This federal law was enacted to ensure that all individuals presenting to an emergency department of any Medicare- or Medicaid-participating facility for evaluation and treatment of a medical condition will be seen, evaluated, treated, and stabilized, regardless of ability to pay. Within this law, the condition of active labor is defined as an unstable medical condition and, as such, EMTALA is applicable to the area of perinatal and neonatal nursing. The purpose of this article is to provide a basic overview of EMTALA, its mandates and definition of key terms, enforcement procedures specialty-specific applicability, and specific strategies for risk reduction of inadvertent violation.
《联邦紧急医疗救治与劳动法案》（EMTALA）是最难解释但却最易被违反的法律之一。这项联邦法律的制定是为了确保所有前往任何参与医疗保险或医疗补助计划的机构的急诊科接受医疗状况评估和治疗的个人，无论其支付能力如何，都能得到诊治、评估、治疗并实现病情稳定。在该法律中，临产状态被定义为一种不稳定的医疗状况，因此，EMTALA适用于围产期和新生儿护理领域。本文旨在对EMTALA进行基本概述，介绍其要求、关键术语的定义、执法程序、特定专业适用性以及减少无意违规风险的具体策略。
