Nucci C, Cedrone C, Culasso F, Ricci F, Cesareo M, Corsi A, Cerulli L
Physiopathological Optics, Department of Biopathology and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
Eye (Lond). 2005 Feb;19(2):175-82. doi: 10.1038/sj.eye.6701444.
To study the incidence of visual loss over a 12-year period in the survivors of an original cohort aged 40 years or older at baseline.
Visual acuity (VA) was measured by means of a standardized logMAR chart. World Health Organization definition of blindness and low vision was adopted (respectively, best-corrected VA >1.3 logMAR or a visual field <10 degrees around central fixation, and best-corrected VA >0.5-1.3 logMAR or a visual field <20 degrees around central fixation). Moreover, binocular visual loss incidence (VA>0.5 logMAR) was calculated in a 'healthy' group who had uncorrected VA of 0.0 logMAR or better in both eyes at baseline and absence of eye diseases.
Of the 584 eligible survivors, 411 (70.7%) had a 12-year follow-up visit. The overall incidence figures were as follows: best-corrected binocular blindness (0.7%), binocular low vision (3.9%), monocular blindness (2.7%), and monocular low vision (5.0%), respectively. The results for presenting VAs were 1.2, 9.5, 4.2, and 15.3%. Figures for uncorrected, best-corrected, and presenting binocular visual loss incidence in the 'healthy' group were respectively 12.7, 0.9, and 3.7%.
The discrepancy between the ideal and real situations that emerges from this study has important implications for health-care planning. Over a period of 12 years, a substantial percentage of 'healthy' subjects will have to seek medical care. Incident visual loss was caused mainly by untreated cataract, glaucoma, myopia, and age-related macular degeneration.
研究基线年龄在40岁及以上的初始队列幸存者在12年期间视力丧失的发生率。
采用标准化的对数视力表测量视力。采用世界卫生组织对失明和视力低下的定义（分别为最佳矫正视力>1.3对数视力或中心注视周围视野<10度，以及最佳矫正视力>0.5 - 1.3对数视力或中心注视周围视野<20度）。此外，在基线时双眼未矫正视力为0.0对数视力或更好且无眼部疾病的“健康”组中计算双眼视力丧失发生率（视力>0.5对数视力）。
在584名符合条件的幸存者中，411名（70.7%）进行了为期12年的随访。总体发生率如下：最佳矫正双眼失明（0.7%）、双眼视力低下（3.9%）、单眼失明（2.7%）和单眼视力低下（5.0%）。呈现视力的结果分别为1.2%、9.5%、4.2%和15.3%。“健康”组未矫正、最佳矫正和呈现的双眼视力丧失发生率分别为12.7%、0.9%和3.7%。
本研究中出现的理想情况与实际情况之间的差异对医疗保健规划具有重要意义。在12年的时间里，相当一部分“健康”受试者将不得不寻求医疗护理。视力丧失主要由未治疗的白内障、青光眼、近视和年龄相关性黄斑变性引起。
