Czarkowski Mirosław P, Kondej Barbara
Zakład Epidemiologii Państwowego Zakładu Higieny ul. Chocimska 24, 00-791 Warszawa.
Przegl Epidemiol. 2004;58(1):21-7.
In Poland 34 measles cases were registered in 2002 (0.09 per 100,000 population)--99 cases less than in the preceding year. Eleven (32%) cases occurred in unvaccinated persons, 9 (27%) in persons who had received only one dose of the vaccine and 14 (41%) in those vaccinated with two doses. The number of cases among the vaccinated population--23, including one case of vaccine associated measles--together with high vaccination coverage after 1975, indicates high effectiveness of measles vaccines used in Poland. Fifteen cases (44%) were confirmed serologically (IgM). Across the voivodeships the number of cases ranged from 0 in four voivodeships to 5 in the ślaskie voivodeship. In none of the voivodeships, however, did the incidence exceed 0.2 per 100,000. The most affected were infants (incidence 0.85 per 100,000), children in their second year of life (incidence 1.09) and children aged 5 and 6 years--incidence of 0.72 and 0.69 respectively. According to the immunization schedule these were children who should receive their first or subsequent dose of vaccine during the year 2002. Cases among children and adolescents below 15 years of age (26 cases) constituted 77% of all reported cases. Out of all reported cases 13 (38%) were hospitalized. There were no deaths due to measles in Poland in 2002.
2002年波兰登记了34例麻疹病例（每10万人中有0.09例），比上一年减少了99例。11例（32%）病例发生在未接种疫苗的人群中，9例（27%）发生在仅接种一剂疫苗的人群中，14例（41%）发生在接种两剂疫苗的人群中。接种疫苗人群中的病例数为23例，其中包括1例与疫苗相关的麻疹病例，再加上1975年后较高的疫苗接种覆盖率，表明波兰使用的麻疹疫苗具有很高的有效性。15例（44%）病例通过血清学检测（IgM）得到确诊。在各个省中，病例数从4个省的0例到西里西亚省的5例不等。然而，在任何一个省中，发病率都未超过每10万人0.2例。受影响最严重的是婴儿（发病率为每10万人0.85例）、2岁儿童（发病率为1.09）以及5岁和6岁儿童，发病率分别为0.72和0.69。根据免疫规划，这些儿童本应在2002年接种第一剂或后续剂量的疫苗。15岁以下儿童和青少年中的病例数（26例）占所有报告病例的77%。在所有报告病例中，13例（38%）住院治疗。2002年波兰没有因麻疹死亡的病例。
