Ximenes M F, Castellón E G, de Souza M F, Freitas R A, Pearson R D, Wilson M E, Jerônimo S M
Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
J Med Entomol. 2000 Jan;37(1):162-9. doi: 10.1603/0022-2585-37.1.162.
Visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis are major endemic diseases in northeast Brazil. The objective of the current study was to determine the species and geographic distribution of potential sand fly vectors of Leishmania in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. Sand flies were captured using CDC light traps in 30 municipalities distributed throughout the 8 geographic zones of the state. Twelve Lutzomyia species were identified. Lutzomyia longipalpis Lutz & Neiva was the most prevalent and accounted for 85.59% of the sand fly captured. The remaining species were distributed as follows: L. evandroi Costa Lima & Antunes (10.83%), L. oswaldoi Mangabeira (0.99%), L. sallesi Galvão & Coutinho (0.58%), L. intermedia Lutz & Neiva (0.53%), L. lenti Mangabeira (0.53%), L. migonei França (0.49%), L. walkeri Newstead (0.24%), L. goiana Martins, Falcão & Silva (0.15%), L. samueli Deane (0.04%), and L. capixaba Dias, Falcão, Silva & Martins (0.03%), and L. peresi Mangabeira (0.01%). L. longipalpis, which is known to be a vector of Leishmania chagasi Cunha & Chagas (L. donovani chagasi), was captured in 93% of municipalities distributed across all geographical areas of the state and its distribution was independent of obvious climatic and topographic parameters. It was identified in all municipalities where human visceral leishmaniasis had been reported. In contrast, climate and topography appeared to be important for other Lutzomyia species. For example, L. intermedia and L. migonei, which are known to transmit Leishmania braziliensis Viana, were geographically restricted. They were captured in municipalities where cases of cutaneous and mucosal leishmaniasis had been reported. The widespread distribution of L. longipalpis, its adaptation to peridomicillary settings, and its ability to transmit L. (d.) chagasi suggest that a large number of persons may be at risk of acquiring visceral leishmaniasis in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
内脏利什曼病和皮肤利什曼病是巴西东北部的主要地方病。本研究的目的是确定北里奥格兰德州利什曼原虫潜在白蛉传播媒介的种类和地理分布。使用疾控中心诱蚊灯在该州8个地理区域的30个市捕获白蛉。共鉴定出12种罗蛉属白蛉。长须罗蛉Lutzomyia longipalpis Lutz & Neiva最为常见，占捕获白蛉的85.59%。其余种类分布如下：埃氏罗蛉L. evandroi Costa Lima & Antunes（10.83%）、奥斯瓦尔多罗蛉L. oswaldoi Mangabeira（0.99%）、萨氏罗蛉L. sallesi Galvão & Coutinho（0.58%）、中间罗蛉L. intermedia Lutz & Neiva（0.53%）、伦氏罗蛉L. lenti Mangabeira（0.53%）、米氏罗蛉L. migonei França（0.49%）、沃氏罗蛉L. walkeri Newstead（0.24%）、戈亚纳罗蛉L. goiana Martins, Falcão & Silva（0.15%）、萨缪利罗蛉L. samueli Deane（0.04%）、卡皮沙巴拉罗蛉L. capixaba Dias, Falcão, Silva & Martins（0.03%）以及佩雷西罗蛉L. peresi Mangabeira（0.01%）。已知长须罗蛉是恰加斯利什曼原虫Leishmania chagasi Cunha & Chagas（杜氏利什曼原虫恰加斯亚种L. donovani chagasi）的传播媒介，在该州所有地理区域的93%的市均有捕获，其分布与明显的气候和地形参数无关。在所有报告有人内脏利什曼病的市均发现了该白蛉。相比之下，气候和地形似乎对其他罗蛉属白蛉很重要。例如，已知传播巴西利什曼原虫Leishmania braziliensis Viana的中间罗蛉和米氏罗蛉在地理上受到限制。它们在报告有皮肤和黏膜利什曼病病例的市被捕获。长须罗蛉的广泛分布、其对人房周围环境的适应性以及传播杜氏利什曼原虫恰加斯亚种的能力表明，巴西北里奥格兰德州的大量人群可能有感染内脏利什曼病的风险。
