Solis-Ortiz S, Guevara M A, Corsi-Cabrera M
Instituto de Investigaciones Medicas, Universidad de Guanajuato, 20 de Enero 929, Leon, Guanajuato, CP 37320, Mexico.
Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2004 Sep;29(8):1047-57. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2003.10.007.
There are some psychological studies showing changes in intellectual efficiency before and during menstruation. Many women report that they experience a feeling of difficulty to initiate activities, confront challenging situations and lack of concentration suggesting transient changes in frontal lobe functions related with gonadal hormone levels. Therefore, performance of a task demanding prefrontal functions, the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, with simultaneous recording of electroencephalographic (EEG) activity was assessed in 9 healthy women, in a repeated measure study, during ovulation (OVU), early luteal (EL), late luteal (LL) and menstrual (MEN) phases. Spectral power of base line and task EEG, and number of responses to reach successful and unsuccessful outcomes in the task were evaluated. Performance was impaired to a certain degree during the OVU phase and was associated with an attenuated alpha1 power and with an increase of the theta and beta2 power. Performance was better during EL phase, when progesterone level is at its highest, no significant changes were observed from BL to task. Performance was worse during LL phase when hormone levels are at its lowest and was associated with a decrease in beta1 and beta2 power together with a significant attenuation of alpha1 and alpha2 power. During MEN phase performance was also improved and was associated with a significant decrease of alpha1 and alpha2 power and no changes in beta power were observed. These findings show that performance of a task demanding internal attention and planning is modulated by physiological progesterone and estrogen levels during menstrual cycle and is associated with specific EEG profiles.
有一些心理学研究表明，在月经前和月经期间智力效率会发生变化。许多女性报告称，她们感觉难以开始活动、应对具有挑战性的情况且注意力不集中，这表明与性腺激素水平相关的额叶功能会发生短暂变化。因此，在一项重复测量研究中，对9名健康女性在排卵（OVU）期、黄体早期（EL）、黄体晚期（LL）和月经期（MEN）进行了威斯康星卡片分类测试（一项需要前额叶功能的任务），同时记录脑电图（EEG）活动。评估了基线和任务EEG的频谱功率，以及在任务中达到成功和未成功结果的反应次数。在OVU期，表现受到一定程度的损害，这与α1功率减弱以及θ和β2功率增加有关。在EL期，当孕酮水平最高时，表现较好，从基线到任务过程中未观察到显著变化。在LL期，当激素水平最低时，表现较差，这与β1和β2功率降低以及α1和α2功率显著减弱有关。在MEN期，表现也有所改善，这与α1和α2功率显著降低有关，且未观察到β功率的变化。这些发现表明，一项需要内部注意力和计划的任务的表现会受到月经周期中生理孕酮和雌激素水平的调节，并与特定的EEG特征相关。
