Dunham David W, Farquhar Robert W
Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MA, USA.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2004 May;1017:267-306. doi: 10.1196/annals.1311.016.
This paper describes astrodynamic techniques applied to develop special orbital designs for past and future space missions of the Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) of Johns Hopkins University, and background about those techniques. The paper does not describe the long history of low Earth-orbiting missions at APL, but rather concentrates on the astrodynamically more interesting high-altitude and interplanetary missions that APL has undertaken in recent years. The authors developed many of their techniques in preparation for, and during, the Third International Sun-Earth Explorer (ISEE-3) halo orbit mission while they worked for the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) of NASA during the 1970s and 1980s. Later missions owed much to the ground breaking work of the trajectory designs for ISEE-3 (later known as the International Cometary Explorer, or ICE). This experience, and other new ideas, were applied to the APL near Earth asteroid rendezvous (NEAR) and comet nucleus tour (CONTOUR) discovery missions, as well as to APL's future MESSENGER, STEREO, and New Horizons missions. These will be described in the paper.
本文介绍了应用于约翰·霍普金斯大学应用物理实验室（APL）过去和未来太空任务以开发特殊轨道设计的天体动力学技术，以及这些技术的背景。本文并未描述APL低地球轨道任务的悠久历史，而是专注于近年来APL所承担的天体动力学上更具趣味性的高海拔和星际任务。20世纪70年代和80年代，作者们在为美国国家航空航天局（NASA）戈达德太空飞行中心（GSFC）工作期间，为第三次国际日地探测器（ISEE - 3）晕轨道任务做准备并在任务期间开发了许多技术。后来的任务很大程度上归功于ISEE - 3（后来称为国际彗星探测器，即ICE）轨道设计的开创性工作。这一经验以及其他新想法被应用于APL的近地小行星交会（NEAR）和彗核环绕（CONTOUR）探测任务，以及APL未来的信使号（MESSENGER）、日地关系天文台（STEREO）和新视野号（New Horizons）任务。本文将对这些任务进行描述。
