Fiske Susan T
Department of Psychology, Princeton University, NJ 08544, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Rev. 2004;8(2):132-7. doi: 10.1207/s15327957pspr0802_6.
Theory-making can be taught and learned. New theories aim to fill a gap in existing explanations. Although mathematical statements are privileged elsewhere, social psychology's impactful theories tend to be verbal, perhaps because of the arbitrary scales of our variables. Good theories posit causal relations, attempt coherence, form a good narrative, aim for parsimony, are testable, prove fertile, and solve problems. Theories' sources can be intellectual, personal, group, or worldview. As long as the theory is stated logically, any source can be heuristic.
理论构建是可以传授和学习的。新理论旨在填补现有解释中的空白。虽然数学陈述在其他领域具有优势，但社会心理学中具有影响力的理论往往是文字性的，这可能是因为我们变量的尺度具有任意性。好的理论提出因果关系，试图保持连贯性，形成一个好的叙述，追求简约性，具有可测试性，富有成效，并能解决问题。理论的来源可以是智力、个人、群体或世界观。只要理论的陈述符合逻辑，任何来源都可以具有启发性。
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