Katz Cintia Regina Tornisiello, Rosenblatt Aronita, Gondim Pedro Paulo Costa
Pernambuco School of Dentistry, Pernambuco State University, Rua Mamangiape 518, apto 2102, Boa Viagem, CEP 51020-250 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2004 Jul;126(1):53-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2003.06.011.
This study assessed the relationship between nonnutritive sucking habits, facial morphology, and malocclusion in 3 planes of space (transverse, vertical, and anteroposterior) in 330 Brazilian children (4 years of age) attending state schools in the city of Recife, Brazil. The data were collected by interviews with the children's mothers or minders and by clinical examinations carried out by a calibrated examiner (kappa = 1). The chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and multivariate analysis were used for statistical analysis. The prevalence of malocclusion in the sample was 49.7%, according to occlusal classification, and 28.5% of the children had 2 or 3 factors contributing to their malocclusion. Posterior crossbite was detected in 12.1%, anterior open bite in 36.4%, and increased overjet in 29.7%. A significant association was found between malocclusion and sucking habits (P <.001). Most of the children had a high facial skeletal pattern, although no association was found between facial morphology and malocclusion. The results draw attention to the magnitude of the problem in childhood and emphasize the need for longitudinal studies to support clinical practice guidelines for the target population.
本研究评估了330名巴西累西腓市公立学校4岁儿童的非营养性吮吸习惯、面部形态与错颌畸形在三维空间（横向、垂直和前后向）的关系。通过与儿童母亲或监护人访谈以及由经过校准的检查者进行临床检查（卡帕值 = 1）收集数据。采用卡方检验、费舍尔精确检验和多变量分析进行统计分析。根据咬合分类，样本中错颌畸形的患病率为49.7%，28.5%的儿童有2个或3个导致错颌畸形的因素。后牙反合检出率为12.1%，前牙开颌为36.4%，覆盖增加为29.7%。发现错颌畸形与吮吸习惯之间存在显著关联（P <.001）。大多数儿童面部骨骼形态较高，尽管未发现面部形态与错颌畸形之间存在关联。研究结果凸显了儿童期该问题的严重性，并强调需要进行纵向研究以支持针对目标人群的临床实践指南。
