Heimer Mônica Vilela, Tornisiello Katz Cintia Regina, Rosenblatt Aronita
Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry of Pernambuco State University, Brazil.
Eur J Orthod. 2008 Dec;30(6):580-5. doi: 10.1093/ejo/cjn035. Epub 2008 Sep 4.
The aim of this longitudinal study was to assess the relationship between non-nutritive sucking habits and the presence of anterior open bites (AOBs) and posterior crossbites and their association with facial morphology among 4- to 6-year-old children attending state schools in the city of Recife, Brazil. The sample comprised 287 children, both males and females. The proportion of boys to girls was approximately 50 per cent. The average age was 4 years 5 months at the beginning and 6 years 6 months at the end of the study. Data were collected from interviews with mothers or carers, and the clinical examination was carried out by two calibrated examiners. Statistical analysis was undertaken using bivariate analysis, Pearson's chi-square, McNemar, and Stuart-Maxwell tests. The results revealed a significant reduction in AOB (P < 0.001) and a slight increase in the prevalence of posterior crossbites. Both occlusal traits were associated with a previous history of sucking habits. The most prevalent morphological facial type, assessed using the morphological facial index, was high (> or =88 mm) and a statistically significant (P = 0.02) association was found between facial morphology and an AOB. Children with an average or high facial morphology measurement exhibited a greater prevalence of AOB when compared with those with lower measurements. Self-correction of AOB was associated with cessation of sucking habits but facial morphology remained unaltered.
这项纵向研究的目的是评估巴西累西腓市公立学校4至6岁儿童的非营养性吮吸习惯与前牙开(AOB)和后牙反的存在之间的关系,以及它们与面部形态的关联。样本包括287名儿童,男女皆有。男孩与女孩的比例约为50%。研究开始时的平均年龄为4岁5个月,结束时为6岁6个月。数据通过对母亲或照料者的访谈收集,临床检查由两名经过校准训练的检查人员进行。使用双变量分析、Pearson卡方检验、McNemar检验和Stuart-Maxwell检验进行统计分析。结果显示,AOB显著减少(P < 0.001),后牙反的患病率略有增加。两种咬合特征都与先前的吮吸习惯史有关。使用形态面部指数评估,最常见的形态面部类型是高面型(>或=88 mm),并且在面部形态与AOB之间发现了具有统计学意义(P = 0.02)的关联。与测量值较低的儿童相比,面部形态测量值为平均或较高的儿童AOB患病率更高。AOB的自我纠正与吮吸习惯的停止有关,但面部形态保持不变。