收入不平等是人口健康的决定因素吗？第二部分。美国全国及地区收入不平等以及年龄和死因别死亡率的趋势
Is income inequality a determinant of population health? Part 2. U.S. National and regional trends in income inequality and age- and cause-specific mortality.
作者信息
Lynch John, Smith George Davey, Harper Sam, Hillemeier Marianne
机构信息
Center for Social Epidemiology and Population Health, University of Michigan, 1214 South University Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48104-2548, USA.
出版信息
Milbank Q. 2004;82(2):355-400. doi: 10.1111/j.0887-378X.2004.00312.x.
Abstract
This article describes U.S. income inequality and 100-year national and 30-year regional trends in age- and cause-specific mortality. There is little congruence between national trends in income inequality and age- or cause-specific mortality except perhaps for suicide and homicide. The variable trends in some causes of mortality may be associated regionally with income inequality. However, between 1978 and 2000 those regions experiencing the largest increases in income inequality had the largest declines in mortality (r= 0.81, p < 0.001). Understanding the social determinants of population health requires appreciating how broad indicators of social and economic conditions are related, at different times and places, to the levels and social distribution of major risk factors for particular health outcomes.
摘要
本文描述了美国的收入不平等以及按年龄和死因分类的死亡率的百年全国趋势和三十年区域趋势。除了自杀和杀人案件外，收入不平等的全国趋势与按年龄或死因分类的死亡率之间几乎没有一致性。某些死因的变化趋势可能在区域上与收入不平等相关。然而，在1978年至2000年期间，收入不平等增幅最大的那些地区死亡率下降幅度也最大（r = 0.81，p < 0.001）。要理解人群健康的社会决定因素，需要认识到社会和经济状况的广泛指标在不同时间和地点是如何与特定健康结果的主要风险因素的水平及社会分布相关联的。
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