Samdal I A, Naustvoll L J, Olseng C D, Briggs L R, Miles C O
National Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 8156 Dep., Oslo N-0033, Norway.
Toxicon. 2004 Jul;44(1):75-82. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2004.04.010.
Picked cells of Protoceratium reticulatum collected from five locations in Norway were shown by ELISA analysis to contain yessotoxins (YTXs). The production of yessotoxin (YTX) was verified by culturing followed by LC-MS analysis of one of the Norwegian isolates. This is the first report of the biogenic origin of YTXs in Norway. The sensitivity of the ELISA method made it possible to quantitate YTXs in algal cultures, net-hauls, and in single cells of P. reticulatum. The cells picked from cultures and net-hauls contained 18-79 pg YTXs per cell. Dilution series and analyses of cells from non-YTX-producing algal species demonstrated the presence of only minimal matrix effects on the ELISA, probably attributable to the presence of salts. The sensitivity of this method makes it possible to search for other possible producers of YTXs, and might also make it possible to follow the YTXs through the food chain. This method allows, for the first time, measurement of the variability in toxin content within a population of dinoflagellate cells--rather than just the average amount of toxin per cell.
通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）分析显示，从挪威五个地点采集的网状原角藻挑选细胞含有鳍藻毒素（YTXs）。通过培养，然后对其中一株挪威分离株进行液相色谱 - 质谱（LC-MS）分析，证实了鳍藻毒素（YTX）的产生。这是挪威YTXs生物源的首次报道。ELISA方法的灵敏度使得定量分析藻类培养物、拖网捕获物以及网状原角藻单细胞中的YTXs成为可能。从培养物和拖网捕获物中挑选的细胞，每个细胞含有18 - 79皮克的YTXs。对非YTXs产生藻类物种的细胞进行稀释系列和分析表明，ELISA仅存在极小的基质效应，这可能归因于盐的存在。该方法的灵敏度使得寻找YTXs的其他可能生产者成为可能，也可能使得追踪食物链中的YTXs成为可能。该方法首次允许测量群体中甲藻细胞内毒素含量的变异性，而不仅仅是每个细胞的平均毒素量。
