在住宿护理机构中，穿着拖鞋导致跌倒与受伤。

Wearing slippers, falls and injury in residential care.

作者信息

Kerse Ngaire, Butler Meg, Robinson Elizabeth, Todd Maree

机构信息

Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, New Zealand.

出版信息

Aust N Z J Public Health. 2004 Apr;28(2):180-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-842x.2004.tb00933.x.

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-842x.2004.tb00933.x

PMID:15233359

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Risk factor studies for falls in residential care have not included factors related to the facilities themselves.

OBJECTIVE

To identify risk factors for falls and injury related to the individual and the facility.

METHOD

Cohort study with 1 to 17 months of followup.

SETTING

A random sample of 14 residential care homes in Auckland, New Zealand.

SUBJECTS

All residents were approached and 606 (97%) participated, mean (SD) age was 83 (11) years. 114 (19%) residents died and 64 (11%) were transferred.

MEASURES

Rate of falls and injurious falls per resident year were measured.

RESULTS

The mean rate of falls and injurious falls was 2.75 and 1.75 per resident year respectively. Factors independently associated with increased falls included: increased mobility (IRR 1.25; 95% CI 1.14-1.37), and less problematic behaviours (IRR 1.09, 95% CI 1.02-1.17), while unexpectedly digoxin use (IRR 0.56, 95% CI 0.33-0.97) was associated with decreased falls. Factors associated with increased risk of injury included being born in the UK (IRR 2.89, 95% CI 1.24-7.19) and being more mobile (OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.06-1.25), whereas wearing soft-soled shoes compared with slippers (IRR 0.50, 95% CI 0.28-0.90) and unexpectedly visual impairment (IRR 0.52, 95% CI 0.33-0.80) was associated with decreased injury. No significant factors related to the facility were identified.

CONCLUSION

Falls are frequent in residential care facilities and risk factors related to footwear are potentially reversible.

IMPLICATIONS

Residents should be encouraged to wear shoes rather than slippers.

摘要

背景

针对寄宿护理机构中跌倒情况的危险因素研究尚未涵盖与机构本身相关的因素。

目的

确定与个人及机构相关的跌倒和受伤的危险因素。

方法

进行为期1至17个月随访的队列研究。

地点

新西兰奥克兰14家寄宿护理机构的随机样本。

研究对象

对所有居民进行了走访，606人（97%）参与，平均（标准差）年龄为83（11）岁。114名（19%）居民死亡，64名（11%）被转移。

测量指标

测量每位居民每年的跌倒率和受伤跌倒率。

结果

每位居民每年的跌倒率和受伤跌倒率分别为2.75次和1.75次。与跌倒增加独立相关的因素包括：活动能力增强（风险比1.25；95%置信区间1.14 - 1.37），以及问题行为较少（风险比1.09，95%置信区间1.02 - 1.17），而意外的是，使用地高辛（风险比0.56，95%置信区间0.33 - 0.97）与跌倒减少相关。与受伤风险增加相关的因素包括出生在英国（风险比2.89，95%置信区间1.24 - 7.19）和活动能力更强（比值比1.15，95%置信区间1.06 - 1.25），而与穿拖鞋相比穿软底鞋（风险比0.50，95%置信区间0.28 - 0.90）以及意外的视力障碍（风险比0.52，95%置信区间0.33 - 0.80）与受伤减少相关。未发现与机构相关的显著因素。