Institute of Food, Nutrition and Human Health, Massey University, Albany Campus, North Shore Mail Centre, Auckland, New Zealand.
J Nutr Health Aging. 2011 Apr;15(4):253-8. doi: 10.1007/s12603-010-0305-5.
To assess the nutrition risk status of community living older people and to identify associated risk factors.
A cross-sectional study using convenience sampling.
North Shore City, Auckland, New Zealand. Data collection was carried out by a research nutritionist using computer assisted personal interviewing in the participant's own home.
Fifty-one independently living people aged between 80 and 85 years.
A survey using three validated questionnaires: Practitioner Assessment of Network Type (PANT) to evaluate social networks; Elderly Assessment System (EASY-Care) to evaluate physical and mental wellbeing and Seniors in the Community: Risk Evaluation for Eating and Nutrition Version II (SCREEN II) to assess nutrition risk.
A third of the participants (31%) were at high risk of malnutrition (SCREEN II score <50; range 29-58 out of maximum score of 64). The majority of participants (82%) lived alone and nearly half (47%) had supportive social networks including close relationships with local family, friends and neighbours. Low self-rated health, disability and social factors (being born outside of New Zealand, losing a spouse and loneliness) were key underlying factors associated with being at nutrition risk.
Nutrition risk is common among aged individuals living in the community. Health and social factors that shape eating behaviours place older people at increased nutrition risk. Strategies are needed for the early identification of risk factors to prevent nutrition problems. Engaging older people at risk to share meal preparation and dining experiences may foster better outcomes.
评估社区居住老年人的营养风险状况，并确定相关的风险因素。
使用便利抽样的横断面研究。
新西兰奥克兰北岸市。数据收集由一名研究营养师在参与者自己的家中使用计算机辅助个人访谈进行。
51 名年龄在 80 至 85 岁之间的独立居住者。
使用三个经过验证的问卷进行调查：网络类型评估师（PANT）评估社会网络；老年人评估系统（EASY-Care）评估身心健康；社区老年人：营养风险评估第二版（SCREEN II）评估营养风险。
三分之一的参与者（31%）存在营养不良高风险（SCREEN II 评分<50；最高 64 分，得分范围为 29-58）。大多数参与者（82%）独居，近一半（47%）有支持性的社会网络，包括与当地家庭、朋友和邻居的亲密关系。自评健康状况差、残疾和社会因素（出生在新西兰以外、失去配偶和孤独）是与营养风险相关的关键潜在因素。
营养风险在社区居住的老年人中很常见。影响饮食行为的健康和社会因素使老年人面临更高的营养风险。需要采取策略早期识别风险因素，以预防营养问题。让有风险的老年人参与分享准备和用餐经验可能会促进更好的结果。
