Kovoor Timmy A, Kim Andrea S, McCulley James P, Cavanagh H Dwight, Jester James V, Bugde Abhijit C, Petroll W Matthew
University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
Eye Contact Lens. 2004 Apr;30(2):90-4. doi: 10.1097/01.icl.00000117255.97190.98.
To compare the effects of several fluoroquinolone antibiotics on the corneal epithelium and stroma using in vivo confocal microscopy.
Five antibiotic solutions were evaluated: 1) 0.3% ofloxacin (Oflox) solution with 0.005% benzalkonium chloride (BAC); 2) 0.3% gatifloxacin (Gati) solution with 0.005% BAC; 3) 0.3% ciprofloxacin (Cipro) solution with 0.006% BAC; 4) 0.5% levofloxacin (Levo) with 0.005% BAC; and 5) 0.5% moxifloxacin (Moxi) solution with no BAC. Preservative-free artificial tears (Tears) were used as a control. New Zealand white rabbits were used for this study (six per solution group). Ten days prior to exposure to any solution, central corneal epithelial thickness and stromal thickness were measured using in vivo confocal microscopy through focusing. Images of the superficial epithelium were also acquired. Both eyes of each rabbit then received one drop of the assigned solution six times the first day and then four times per day for 6 days. On day 7, in vivo confocal microscopy was repeated.
A significant decrease in epithelial thickness was induced by 7 days of exposure to Levo, Gati, Oflox, and Cipro (P < 0.05, two-way repeated-measures ANOVA, Tukey test). Tears and Moxi, which do not contain BAC, did not induce significant changes in epithelial thickness. No significant changes in stromal thickness were detected (P = 0.266), and no keratocyte activation was observed for any of the solutions evaluated.
We have previously used confocal microscopy to establish a correlation between epithelial thinning (due to superficial cell loss) and slight ocular irritation. The results of this study suggest that Moxi induces less damage to the corneal epithelium than other antibiotic solutions, perhaps because it does not contain BAC.
使用活体共聚焦显微镜比较几种氟喹诺酮类抗生素对角膜上皮和基质的影响。
评估了五种抗生素溶液：1）含0.005%苯扎氯铵（BAC）的0.3%氧氟沙星（Oflox）溶液；2）含0.005% BAC的0.3%加替沙星（Gati）溶液；3）含0.006% BAC的0.3%环丙沙星（Cipro）溶液；4）含0.005% BAC的0.5%左氧氟沙星（Levo）；5）不含BAC的0.5%莫西沙星（Moxi）溶液。使用不含防腐剂的人工泪液（泪液）作为对照。本研究使用新西兰白兔（每组溶液6只）。在暴露于任何溶液前10天，通过聚焦使用活体共聚焦显微镜测量中央角膜上皮厚度和基质厚度。还采集了浅表上皮的图像。然后，每组兔子的双眼在第一天接受指定溶液一滴，共6次，然后每天4次，持续6天。在第7天，重复进行活体共聚焦显微镜检查。
暴露于Levo、Gati、Oflox和Cipro 7天可导致上皮厚度显著降低（P < 0.05，双向重复测量方差分析，Tukey检验）。不含BAC的泪液和Moxi未引起上皮厚度的显著变化。未检测到基质厚度的显著变化（P = 0.266），并且在评估的任何溶液中均未观察到角膜细胞活化。
我们之前使用共聚焦显微镜建立了上皮变薄（由于浅表细胞丢失）与轻微眼部刺激之间的相关性。本研究结果表明，Moxi对角膜上皮的损伤小于其他抗生素溶液，可能是因为它不含BAC。
