Duan Y, Kerdelhué C, Ye H, Lieutier F
INRA, Zoologie forestière, BP 20619 Ardon, F-45166 Olivet cedex, France.
Heredity (Edinb). 2004 Nov;93(5):416-22. doi: 10.1038/sj.hdy.6800518.
The pine shoot beetle Tomicus piniperda is present throughout Eurasia. In Europe, it is considered as a secondary pest that rarely causes tree mortality, while heavy damage is observed in Yunnan Province (China) where it exhibits a novel aggregative behaviour during shoot attack. To understand why the ecological characteristics of the European and Chinese populations differ so strongly, we conducted an analysis of population genetic structure on 12 populations in Yunnan and one in JiLin using mitochondrial (COI-COII) and nuclear (ITS2 and 28S rDNA) DNA sequences, and compared the results to those obtained in France. We showed that the Yunnan populations differed markedly from French and JiLin populations. For all three markers, the genetic distances measured between the Tomicus from Yunnan and those from France were similar to distances previously observed between species. Similar distances were found between Yunnan and JiLin populations. Conversely, the distances between French and JiLin individuals were substantially lower, falling in the intraspecific range. We concluded that the individuals sampled in Yunnan belong to a new, undescribed species (Tomicus sp. nov.). We also showed that some individuals belong to the species T. brevipilosus that had never been recorded from this region before. Evolution of the genus Tomicus is discussed in the light of these new results.
松材小蠹（Tomicus piniperda）分布于整个欧亚大陆。在欧洲，它被视为一种次要害虫，很少导致树木死亡，而在中国云南省，它却造成了严重破坏，在蛀梢时表现出一种新的聚集行为。为了理解欧洲和中国种群的生态特征为何有如此大的差异，我们利用线粒体（COI - COII）和核（ITS2和28S rDNA）DNA序列，对云南的12个种群和吉林的1个种群进行了种群遗传结构分析，并将结果与在法国获得的结果进行比较。我们发现云南种群与法国和吉林种群有显著差异。对于所有这三个标记，云南松材小蠹与法国松材小蠹之间测得的遗传距离与之前在不同物种之间观察到的距离相似。云南种群和吉林种群之间也发现了类似的距离。相反，法国和吉林个体之间的距离则显著更低，属于种内范围。我们得出结论，在云南采集的个体属于一个新的、未描述的物种（新种松材小蠹）。我们还表明，一些个体属于短毛松材小蠹（T. brevipilosus），该物种此前从未在该地区被记录过。鉴于这些新结果，我们对松材小蠹属的进化进行了讨论。
