Calman K C
University of Durham, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP, UK.
J Med Ethics. 2004 Aug;30(4):366-70. doi: 10.1136/jme.2002.003582.
The hypothesis that values change and evolve is examined by this paper. The discussion is based on a series of examples where, over a period of a few decades, new ethical issues have arisen and values have changed. From this analysis it is suggested that there are a series of core values around which most people would agree. These are unlikely to change over long time periods. There are then a series of secondary or derived values around which there is much more controversy and within which differences of view occur. Such changes need to be documented if we are to understand the process involved in the evolution of differences in ethical views.
本文探讨了价值观会变化和演变这一假说。讨论基于一系列例子,在几十年的时间里,新的伦理问题不断出现,价值观也发生了变化。通过这一分析表明,存在一系列大多数人都会认同的核心价值观。这些核心价值观在很长一段时间内不太可能改变。然后还有一系列次要或衍生价值观,围绕这些价值观存在更多争议,人们的观点也存在分歧。如果我们想要理解伦理观点差异演变过程中所涉及的情况,就需要记录这些变化。