DiBattista D
Psychology Department, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada.
Physiol Behav. 1992 Jul;52(1):59-63. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(92)90433-3.
Over a period of 20 days, adult male gerbils, rats, mice, and hamsters were allowed to choose between tap water and a sugar solution (either sucrose, glucose, or lactose) presented in increasing concentrations (maximum concentration = 24% weight/volume). Rats, mice, and hamsters preferred both glucose and sucrose solutions to water across a wide range of concentrations; gerbils preferred sucrose solutions at concentrations of 8% and above, but preferences for glucose solutions were not significant. Gerbils, mice, and rats did not prefer lactose solutions to water at any concentration, and actually preferred water at higher lactose concentrations; in contrast, hamsters preferred lactose solutions to water at concentrations of 4% and above, and never preferred water to lactose solutions. As solution concentrations increased, all species consumed increasing amounts of glucose and sucrose (i.e., solute). The lactose intake of gerbils, rats, and mice tended to remain quite low even as solution concentration increased; in contrast, the lactose intake of hamsters was substantially greater than that of other species and increased to a maximum of 1.95 g/100 g body weight/day at the 24% concentration. These results indicate that gerbils and mice, like rats, have a low preference for lactose and consume very little of this disaccharide, and confirm that golden hamsters are exceptional in demonstrating both a preference for lactose solutions and an apparent tolerance to the effects of ingestion of substantial amounts of lactose.
在20天的时间里，成年雄性沙鼠、大鼠、小鼠和仓鼠可以在自来水和浓度不断增加（最大浓度=24%重量/体积）的糖溶液（蔗糖、葡萄糖或乳糖）之间进行选择。在很宽的浓度范围内，大鼠、小鼠和仓鼠比起水来更喜欢葡萄糖和蔗糖溶液；沙鼠在8%及以上浓度时更喜欢蔗糖溶液，但对葡萄糖溶液的偏好不显著。在任何浓度下，沙鼠、小鼠和大鼠都不喜欢乳糖溶液胜过水，实际上在较高乳糖浓度下它们更喜欢水；相比之下，仓鼠在4%及以上浓度时更喜欢乳糖溶液胜过水，而且从未表现出更喜欢水而不是乳糖溶液。随着溶液浓度的增加，所有物种消耗的葡萄糖和蔗糖（即溶质）量都在增加。即使溶液浓度增加，沙鼠、大鼠和小鼠的乳糖摄入量往往仍然很低；相比之下，仓鼠的乳糖摄入量远高于其他物种，在24%的浓度下增加到最高1.95克/100克体重/天。这些结果表明，沙鼠和小鼠与大鼠一样，对乳糖的偏好较低，摄入的这种二糖很少，并证实金黄仓鼠在表现出对乳糖溶液的偏好以及对摄入大量乳糖的影响具有明显耐受性方面是特殊的。
