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离心和等长运动后人肘屈肌角度-力曲线的变化

Changes in the angle-force curve of human elbow flexors following eccentric and isometric exercise.

作者信息

Philippou Anastassios, Bogdanis Gregory C, Nevill Alan M, Maridaki Maria

机构信息

Department of Sports Medicine and Biology of Physical Activity, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Science, 41 Ethnikis Antistasis Street, Dafni, 172 37, Athens, Greece.

出版信息

Eur J Appl Physiol. 2004 Oct;93(1-2):237-44. doi: 10.1007/s00421-004-1209-z. Epub 2004 Aug 4.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to explore and compare the magnitude and time-course of the shift in the angle-force curves obtained from maximal voluntary contractions of the elbow flexors, both before and 4 consecutive days after eccentric and isometric exercise. The maximal isometric force of the elbow flexors of fourteen young male volunteers was measured at five different elbow angles between 50 degrees and 160 degrees . Subjects were then divided into two groups: the eccentric group (ECC, n=7) and the isometric group (ISO, n=7). Subjects in the ECC group performed 50 maximal voluntary eccentric contractions of the elbow flexors on an isokinetic dynamometer (30 degrees x s(-1)), while subjects in the ISO group performed 50 maximal voluntary isometric muscle contractions with the elbow flexors at a lengthened position. Following the ECC and ISO exercise protocols, maximal isometric force at the five angles, muscle soreness, and the relaxed (RANG) and flexed (FANG) elbow angles were measured at 24 h intervals for 4 days. All results were presented as the mean and standard error, and a quadratic curve was used to model the maximal isometric force data obtained at the five elbow angles. This approach not only allowed us to mathematically describe the angle-force curves and estimate the peak force and optimum angle for peak force generation, but also enabled us to statistically compare the shift of the angle-force curves between and within groups. A large and persistent shift of the angle-force curve towards longer muscle lengths was observed 1 day after eccentric exercise ( P<0.01). This resulted in a approximately 16 degrees shift of the optimum angle for force generation, which remained unchanged for the whole observation period. A smaller but also persistent shift of the angle-force curve was seen after isometric exercise at long muscle length ( P<0.05; shift in optimum angle approximately 5 degrees ). ECC exercise caused more muscle damage than ISO exercise, as indicated by the greater changes in RANG and ratings of muscle soreness ( P<0.05). It was suggested that the shift in the angle-force curve was proportional to the degree of muscle damage and may be explained by the presence of overstretched sarcomeres that increased in series compliance of the muscle.

摘要

本研究的目的是探索和比较在离心运动和等长运动前及连续4天后,通过肘部屈肌最大自主收缩获得的角度-力量曲线的变化幅度和时间进程。在14名年轻男性志愿者的肘部屈肌于50度至160度之间的五个不同肘部角度下测量其最大等长力量。然后将受试者分为两组:离心组(ECC,n = 7)和等长组(ISO,n = 7)。ECC组的受试者在等速测力计上进行50次肘部屈肌的最大自主离心收缩(30度×秒⁻¹),而ISO组的受试者在肘部屈肌处于拉长位置时进行50次最大自主等长肌肉收缩。按照ECC和ISO运动方案,在4天内每隔24小时测量五个角度下的最大等长力量、肌肉酸痛程度以及放松(RANG)和屈曲(FANG)肘部角度。所有结果均以均值和标准误差表示,并用二次曲线对在五个肘部角度获得的最大等长力量数据进行建模。这种方法不仅使我们能够从数学上描述角度-力量曲线并估计产生峰值力量的峰值力量和最佳角度,还使我们能够在组间和组内对角度-力量曲线的变化进行统计学比较。离心运动后1天观察到角度-力量曲线向更长肌肉长度方向有较大且持续的变化(P<0.01)。这导致产生力量的最佳角度大约有16度的变化,在整个观察期内保持不变。在长肌肉长度下进行等长运动后,也观察到角度-力量曲线有较小但同样持续的变化(P<0.05;最佳角度变化约5度)。如RANG和肌肉酸痛评分的更大变化所示,ECC运动比ISO运动造成更多的肌肉损伤(P<0.05)。有人认为角度-力量曲线的变化与肌肉损伤程度成正比,可能是由于存在过度拉伸的肌节,增加了肌肉的串联顺应性所致。

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