Zabczyński S, Surmacz-Górska J, Miksch K
Silesian University of Technology, Environmental Biotechnology Department, Akademicka St. 2, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.
Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci. 2003;68(2 Pt A):93-100.
Use of the membrane-assisted bioreactors (MBR) in wastewater treatment can bring a lot of advantages. Usually COD removal achieves level 90% and nitrification of ammonia nitrogen concentrations typical for municipal wastewater performs without any disturbances, what was confirmed by large number of experiments. However, inhibition of nitrification of the high ammonia nitrogen concentration was noticed. In this study, the performance of ammonia-rich wastewater nitrification in membrane-assisted bioreactor (MBR) was examined. With SRT of 40, 32, 24 and 16 days any nitrification inhibition effect wasn't noticed. Ammonia nitrogen removal was around 98% and full nitrification was observed. At the sludge age equal to 12 d the first stage of nitrification was full, but the second stage of nitrification was incomplete. The variation in number and presence of the higher organisms were noticed at the all examined sludge ages. With SRT of 40, 32, 24 and 16 days the free ciliates were prominent organisms. At the sludge age of 12 days the domination of flagellates was observed The kinetic constants of the high-ammonia wastewater nitrification were calculated The average value of Vmax at the sludge age 12, 16 and 24 days was constant (4.7 mg NH4(+)-N/g MLSS h, 4.8 mg NH4(+)-N/g MLSS h and 4.8 mg NH4(+)-N/g MLSS, respectively), but the value of Km rose, when the sludge age increased (6.8 mg NH4(+)-N/L for 12 days, 11.3 mg NH4(+)-N/L for 16 days, 21.6 mg NH4(+)-N/L for 24 days). At the sludge age 32 and 40 days the increase of Vmax was observed (7.2 mg NH4(+)-N/g MLSS h and 12.5 mg NH4(+)-N/g MLSS h, respectively) and, also, changes of Km (6.8 mg NH4(+)-N/L and 44 mg NH4(+)-N/L, respectively. Concerning the second stage of nitrification value of Vmax decreased with the increase of the sludge age and the average Km varied from 20.3 to 31.3 mg NO2(-)-N/L.
在污水处理中使用膜辅助生物反应器（MBR）可带来诸多优势。通常化学需氧量（COD）去除率可达90%，城市污水中典型氨氮浓度的硝化作用可顺利进行，大量实验已证实这一点。然而，高氨氮浓度下的硝化抑制现象也被注意到。在本研究中，考察了膜辅助生物反应器（MBR）中高氨氮废水的硝化性能。污泥龄（SRT）为40天、32天、24天和16天时，未发现任何硝化抑制作用。氨氮去除率约为98%，且观察到完全硝化。污泥龄等于12天时，第一阶段硝化作用完全，但第二阶段硝化作用不完全。在所有考察的污泥龄下，均注意到高等生物数量和种类的变化。污泥龄为40天、32天、24天和16天时，自由纤毛虫是优势生物。污泥龄为12天时，观察到鞭毛虫占主导。计算了高氨氮废水硝化的动力学常数。污泥龄为12天、16天和24天时，最大反应速率（Vmax）的平均值恒定（分别为4.7mg NH₄⁺-N/g MLSS·h、4.8mg NH₄⁺-N/g MLSS·h和4.8mg NH₄⁺-N/g MLSS），但米氏常数（Km）的值随污泥龄增加而升高（12天时为6.8mg NH₄⁺-N/L，16天时为11.3mg NH₄⁺-N/L，24天时为21.6mg NH₄⁺-N/L）。污泥龄为32天和40天时，观察到Vmax增加（分别为7.2mg NH₄⁺-N/g MLSS·h和12.5mg NH₄⁺-N/g MLSS·h），Km也发生变化（分别为6.8mg NH₄⁺-N/L和44mg NH₄⁺-N/L）。关于第二阶段硝化作用，Vmax的值随污泥龄增加而降低，平均Km在20.3至31.3mg NO₂⁻-N/L之间变化。
