Yang Young-Cheol, Lee Hoi-Seon, Clark J M, Ahn Young-Joon
School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
J Med Entomol. 2004 Jul;41(4):699-704. doi: 10.1603/0022-2585-41.4.699.
The insecticidal activity of 54 plant essential oils against female Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer was examined using direct contact and fumigation methods, and compared with the lethal activity of delta-phenothrin and pyrethrum, two commonly used pediculicides. In a filter paper contact bioassay with female P. humanus capitis, the pediculicidal activity was more pronounced in eucalyptus, marjoram, pennyroyal, and rosemary oils than in delta-phenothrin and pyrethrum on the basis of LT50 values at 0.0625 mg/cm2. At 0.125 mg/cm2, pediculicidal activity of cade, cardamone ceylon, clove bud, myrtle, rosewood, and sage oils was comparable with that of the test insecticides. In fumigation tests with female P. humanus capitis at 0.25 mg/cm2, eucalyptus, marjoram, pennyroyal, and rosemary oils were more effective in closed containers than in open ones, indicating that the effect of these oils was largely a result of action in the vapor phase. Neither delta-phenothrin nor pyrethrum exhibited fumigant toxicity. The essential oils described herein merit further study as potential control agents for P. humanus capitis.
采用直接接触法和熏蒸法检测了54种植物精油对人头虱雌虫的杀虫活性，并与两种常用杀虱剂——氯菊酯和除虫菊的致死活性进行了比较。在与人头虱雌虫的滤纸接触生物测定中，基于0.0625mg/cm²的半数致死时间（LT50）值，桉叶油、马郁兰油、薄荷油和迷迭香油的杀虱活性比氯菊酯和除虫菊更显著。在0.125mg/cm²时，杜松油、锡兰豆蔻油、丁香油、香桃木油、玫瑰木油和鼠尾草油的杀虱活性与测试杀虫剂相当。在对人头虱雌虫进行的0.25mg/cm²熏蒸试验中，桉叶油、马郁兰油、薄荷油和迷迭香油在密闭容器中比在开放容器中更有效，表明这些油的作用主要是气相作用的结果。氯菊酯和除虫菊均未表现出熏蒸毒性。本文所述的精油作为人头虱的潜在防治剂值得进一步研究。
