Kim Hee-Soon, Lee Chung-Yul, Lee Tae-Wha, Ham Ok-Kyung
College of Nursing, Nursing Policy Research Institute, Yonsei University, Korea.
Taehan Kanho Hakhoe Chi. 2004 Feb;34(1):182-90. doi: 10.4040/jkan.2004.34.1.182.
This study was conducted to understand the health status and health behaviors of preschoolers to provide baseline data for developing health promotion programs.
Parents of children attending day-care centers were recruited for the study. Participating day-care centers were selected using a stratified sampling method. Data was collected from June to August 2002 using a questionnaire.
Among 754 preschoolers, 17.3% were overweight, while 18.2% were underweight. The most frequent infectious diseases that children have had previously were hand-foot-mouth disease (20.2%) and chicken pox (18.7%). Current health conditions that children have frequently are respiratory disease (28%) and atopic dermatitis (23.8%). Only 61% brush their teeth everyday at bedtime, 54.3% wash their hands every time after returning home, 8.8% wear bicycle helmets, 9.3% use a child car seat, and 8.1% eat fruits and vegetables five times a day. Children residing in the metropolitan area were more likely to have positive health behaviors, and children of parents with an advanced college level education were more likely to have positive health behaviors than those with only a high school level education.
Based on the study results, health professionals could plan and develop health promotion programs to change unhealthy behaviors of preschoolers targeting high-risk groups.
开展本研究以了解学龄前儿童的健康状况和健康行为，为制定健康促进项目提供基线数据。
招募在日托中心就读儿童的家长参与本研究。采用分层抽样方法选取参与研究的日托中心。于2002年6月至8月使用问卷收集数据。
在754名学龄前儿童中，17.3%超重，18.2%体重过轻。儿童既往最常见的传染病是手足口病（20.2%）和水痘（18.7%）。儿童当前常见的健康状况是呼吸系统疾病（28%）和特应性皮炎（23.8%）。只有61%的儿童每天睡前刷牙，54.3%的儿童每次回家后洗手，8.8%的儿童佩戴自行车头盔，9.3%的儿童使用儿童汽车安全座椅，8.1%的儿童每天吃五次水果和蔬菜。居住在大都市地区的儿童更有可能有积极的健康行为，父母拥有高等教育学历的儿童比只有高中学历的儿童更有可能有积极的健康行为。
基于研究结果，健康专业人员可以规划和制定健康促进项目，以改变学龄前儿童的不健康行为，针对高危群体。
