Gonźalez-Bulnes Antonio, Baird David T, Campbell Bruce K, Cocero María J, García-García Rosa M, Inskeep E Keith, López-Sebastián Antonio, McNeilly Alan S, Santiago-Moreno Julián, Souza Carlos J H, Veiga-López Almudena
Departamento de Reproducción Animal, INIA, Madrid, Spain.
Reprod Fertil Dev. 2004;16(4):421-35. doi: 10.10371/RD04033.
This review offers an overview of the basic characteristics of in vivo embryo technologies, their current status, the main findings and the advances gained in recent years, and the outstanding subjects for increasing their efficiency. The use of superovulation and embryo transfer procedures remains affected by a high variability in the ovulatory response to hormonal treatment and by a low and variable number of transferable embryos and offspring obtained. This variability has been classically identified with both extrinsic (source, purity of gonadotrophins and protocol of administration) and intrinsic factors (breed, age, nutrition and reproductive status), which are reviewed in this paper. However, emerging data indicate that the main causes of variability are related to endocrine and ovarian factors, and so the number of studies and procedures addressing a better understanding and control of these factors may be increased in the future. The accomplishment of this objective, the improvement of procedures for embryo conservation and for the selection and management of recipient females, will allow further development and application of this technology.
本综述概述了体内胚胎技术的基本特征、现状、主要研究结果以及近年来取得的进展，还阐述了提高其效率的关键问题。超排卵和胚胎移植程序的应用仍受多种因素影响，包括对激素治疗的排卵反应高度可变，以及可移植胚胎和获得的后代数量少且不稳定。这种变异性传统上被认为与外在因素（促性腺激素的来源、纯度和给药方案）和内在因素（品种、年龄、营养和生殖状态）有关，本文对此进行了综述。然而，新出现的数据表明，变异性的主要原因与内分泌和卵巢因素有关，因此未来可能会增加更多旨在更好地理解和控制这些因素的研究及程序。实现这一目标，改进胚胎保存程序以及受体雌性动物的选择和管理方法，将推动这项技术的进一步发展和应用。
