Tozzi Federica, Aggen Steven H, Neale Benjamin M, Anderson Charles B, Mazzeo Suzanne E, Neale Michael C, Bulik Cynthia M
Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7160, USA.
Behav Genet. 2004 Sep;34(5):483-94. doi: 10.1023/B:BEGE.0000038486.47219.76.
Perfectionism may be a premorbid risk factor for eating disorders. Evidence of familial transmission suggests features of perfectionism may be genetically determined. This study examines the structure of perfectionism using classical twin design models.
Independent (IP) and common (CP) pathway models are used to investigate the extent to which genetic and environmental factors can help to identify and differentiate three behavioral domains of perfectionism as measured by a shortened version of the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (MPS) [Frost et al. (1990). Cognit. Ther. Res. 14: 449-468]. Three of the original subscales were included: Personal standards (PS), Doubts about actions (DA), Concern over mistakes (CM). We studied a sample of 1022 paired and unpaired female twins from the Mid-Atlantic Twin Registry.
MZ correlations were consistently higher than DZ twin correlations for all three composite subscales. The multivariate independent pathway model provided a better fit to the twin correlations then did the more parsimonious common pathway model suggesting the pattern of familial resemblance for the three subscales is not well characterized by a unidimensional perfectionism factor. CM phenotypic variance was completely accounted for by common heritability influences in both the IP and CP models. Based on the IP model results, there was evidence that PS and CM but not DA shared some common genetic effects, with DA and CM sharing some common environmental factors.
These multivariate twin modeling results support conceptualizations of perfectionism as a multidimensional construct. The biometric structural results for the three subscales examined here suggest CM is the core feature of Perfectionism with DA and PS serving as indicators of CM. Although not the best fitting model, the common pathway model estimated this behavioral domain to be isomorphic with the construct of perfectionism. The better fitting independent pathway model provided evidence of non-trivial differences in the pattern of heritability for CM, DA, and PS.
完美主义可能是进食障碍的病前风险因素。家族传递的证据表明完美主义的特征可能由基因决定。本研究使用经典双生子设计模型来检验完美主义的结构。
采用独立（IP）和共同（CP）路径模型，以研究基因和环境因素在多大程度上有助于识别和区分由多维完美主义量表（MPS）简版所测量的完美主义的三个行为领域[弗罗斯特等人（1990年）。认知治疗研究。14：449 - 468]。纳入了原始子量表中的三个：个人标准（PS）、对行为的怀疑（DA）、对错误的担忧（CM）。我们研究了来自大西洋中部双生子登记处的1022对配对和非配对女性双生子样本。
对于所有三个复合子量表，同卵双生子（MZ）的相关性始终高于异卵双生子（DZ）的相关性。多变量独立路径模型比更简约的共同路径模型能更好地拟合双生子相关性，这表明这三个子量表的家族相似模式不能很好地用单维完美主义因素来表征。在IP和CP模型中，CM表型方差完全由共同遗传影响所解释。基于IP模型结果，有证据表明PS和CM但不是DA共享一些共同的遗传效应，而DA和CM共享一些共同的环境因素。
这些多变量双生子建模结果支持将完美主义概念化为多维结构。此处所检验的三个子量表的生物统计学结构结果表明，CM是完美主义的核心特征，DA和PS作为CM的指标。尽管不是最佳拟合模型，但共同路径模型估计这个行为领域与完美主义结构同构。拟合度更好的独立路径模型提供了证据，表明CM、DA和PS的遗传模式存在显著差异。
