Kowal Anna, Warmińska Julia, Krasowska Dorota
Chair and Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Lublin.
Ann Univ Mariae Curie Sklodowska Med. 2003;58(2):14-21.
Immunosuppression consists in the breaking of different immune reactions. According to the mechanism of activity, these drugs reveal effects on each stage of the immune process. Among immunosuppressive drugs, steroids, antimetabolites, alkylating agents, cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil are used in dermatology. Therapeutic potential of these drugs is limited by dangerous side effects. Apart from inhibition the excessive immunological response to antigens and because of the lack of specific action, they result in total suppression of the immune system. That in turn produces a higher number of infections, an abnormal course of diseases and an increased risk of lymphomas and cancers. Therefore, the decision, on applying any of these immunosuppressive drugs ought to be preceded by thorough analysis of the clinical history, indications and contraindications referring to each drugs and potential toxicity and side effects.
免疫抑制在于破坏不同的免疫反应。根据作用机制，这些药物对免疫过程的每个阶段都有影响。在免疫抑制药物中，类固醇、抗代谢物、烷化剂、环孢素、霉酚酸酯在皮肤科有应用。这些药物的治疗潜力受到危险副作用的限制。除了抑制对抗原的过度免疫反应外，由于缺乏特异性作用，它们会导致免疫系统的全面抑制。这反过来又会导致更多的感染、疾病的异常病程以及淋巴瘤和癌症风险的增加。因此，在应用任何一种这些免疫抑制药物之前，都应该对临床病史、每种药物的适应症和禁忌症以及潜在的毒性和副作用进行全面分析。
