Xu Cenke, Moore J E
Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
Phys Rev Lett. 2004 Jul 23;93(4):047003. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.047003.
The 2D quantum phase transition that occurs in a square lattice of Josephson-coupled p +/- ip superconductors is an example of how four-body interactions in d = 2 reproduce nonperturbative effects caused by two-body interactions in d = 1. The ordered phase has an unconventional "bond order" of the local T-breaking variable. This problem can be analyzed using an exact self-duality; this duality in classical notation is the 3D generalization of the Kramers-Wannier duality of the 2D Ising model, and there are similar exact dualities in dimensions d > or = 3. We discuss the excitation spectrum and experimental signatures of the ordered and disordered phases, and the relationship between our model and previously studied behavior of 2D boson models with four-boson interactions.
在约瑟夫森耦合的(p \pm ip)超导体的方形晶格中发生的二维量子相变，是一个二维中四体相互作用如何重现一维中两体相互作用所引起的非微扰效应的例子。有序相具有局域时间反演破缺变量的非常规“键序”。这个问题可以用精确的自对偶性来分析；这种在经典记号中的对偶性是二维伊辛模型的克莱默斯 - 万尼尔对偶性在三维的推广，并且在(d \geq 3)维中存在类似的精确对偶性。我们讨论了有序相和无序相的激发谱及实验特征，以及我们的模型与先前研究的具有四玻色子相互作用的二维玻色子模型行为之间的关系。
