Chung I, Buhr V
SUNY State College of Optometry, New York, New York 10033, USA.
Optometry. 2000 Aug;71(8):511-8.
More than 80% of the drugs on the market labeled for adult use contain no information on pediatric use-even for drugs commonly prescribed for pediatric patients. Without adequate pediatric labeling information, practitioners may be prescribing medications and placing their pediatric patients at risk for adverse reactions.
This article reviews the 98 most commonly used or prescribed topical ophthalmic drugs (TODs) and provides a summary of their safety for use in children. Additionally, the article includes the best sources of information the practitioner can use to find information on the pediatric safety of TODs.
There is pediatric use labeling for 51% of the TODs included in this article (specifically, by drug category, pediatric use safety profiles are present for 100% of anti-virals, 88% of antibiotics, 67% of anti-allergy drugs, 67% of diagnostic agents, 55% of steroid-antibiotic combinations, 54% of lubricants, 50% of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), 31% of steroids, and 11% of glaucoma medications).
Sufficient pediatric safety labeling information is available to the practitioner for topical antibiotics, anti-allergy medications, antivirals, lubricants, and diagnostic pharmaceutical agents. Little or no information is available on the pediatric safety of topical steroids and glaucoma medications. For the majority of the steroid and glaucoma drugs, pediatric use is labeled "not recommended" (NR).
市场上超过80%标注用于成人的药物没有关于儿科使用的信息——即使是常用于儿科患者的药物。由于缺乏足够的儿科用药标签信息，从业者在开处方时可能会让儿科患者面临不良反应的风险。
本文回顾了98种最常用或最常处方的局部眼科药物（TODs），并总结了它们在儿童中使用的安全性。此外，本文还包括从业者可用于查找TODs儿科安全性信息的最佳信息来源。
本文所涵盖的TODs中有51%有儿科用药标签（具体而言，按药物类别划分，100%的抗病毒药物、88%的抗生素、67%的抗过敏药物、67%的诊断剂、55%的类固醇 - 抗生素组合、54%的润滑剂、50%的非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs）、31%的类固醇和11%的青光眼药物有儿科用药安全性概况）。
从业者可获得关于局部抗生素、抗过敏药物、抗病毒药物、润滑剂和诊断药剂的足够儿科安全性标签信息。关于局部类固醇和青光眼药物的儿科安全性，几乎没有或没有可用信息。对于大多数类固醇和青光眼药物，儿科使用被标注为“不推荐”（NR）。
