Crisafulli Antonio, Carta Celestino, Melis Franco, Tocco Filippo, Frongia Francesco, Santoboni Uberto M, Pagliaro Pasquale, Concu Alberto
Department of Sciences applied to Biological Systems, Section of Human Physiology, University of Cagliari, Via Porcell 4, 09124 Cagliari, Italy.
Exp Physiol. 2004 Nov;89(6):665-74. doi: 10.1113/expphysiol.2004.027946. Epub 2004 Aug 24.
We aimed to investigate haemodynamics during active and passive recovery following repeated bouts of supramaximal exercise. Seven male athletes underwent two sessions of supramaximal exercise which consisted of a warm-up and of five bouts of cycling at the maximum speed possible for 30 s against a resistance equivalent to 150% of the maximum workload achieved in a previous incremental test. Bouts were separated by 1 min of recovery and followed by 10 min of recovery which was either active (pedalling at 40 W) or passive (completely rest seated on the cycle). Haemodynamic variables were evaluated by means of impedance cardiography. Heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), mean blood pressure (MBP), thoracic electrical impedance (Z0) as an inverse index of central blood volume, and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) were assessed. The main findings were that active recovery, with respect to passive recovery, induced higher changes from baseline in HR (+29.1 +/- 4.5 versus +15.6 +/- 2.9 beats min(-1) at the 10th minute of recovery, P < 0.05), SV (+19.9 +/- 5.6 versus -6.4 +/- 3.3 ml, P < 0.01) and CO (+3.8 +/- 1.2 versus +0.4 +/- 0.2 l min(-1), P < 0.01). Furthermore, MBP was similar between the two kinds of recovery despite an increase in Z0 during passive compared to active recovery. These results suggest that the faster haemodynamic recovery towards baseline and the decrease in cardiac preload during passive recovery may be successfully prevented by cardiovascular regulatory mechanisms which include an increase in SVR, thus avoiding a drop in blood pressure.
我们旨在研究重复进行力竭运动后主动恢复和被动恢复期间的血流动力学变化。七名男性运动员进行了两次力竭运动试验，每次试验包括热身以及五组以尽可能高的速度骑行30秒的过程，骑行时的阻力相当于之前递增负荷试验中所达到最大负荷的150%。每组运动之间有1分钟的恢复时间，之后是10分钟的恢复阶段，恢复方式分为主动恢复（以40瓦功率蹬车）或被动恢复（完全坐在自行车上休息）。通过阻抗心动图评估血流动力学变量。评估了心率（HR）、每搏输出量（SV）、心输出量（CO）、平均血压（MBP）、作为中心血容量反向指标的胸部电阻抗（Z0）以及全身血管阻力（SVR）。主要研究结果表明，与被动恢复相比，主动恢复导致HR从基线的变化更大（恢复第10分钟时，分别为+29.1±4.5与+15.6±2.9次/分钟，P<0.05），SV变化更大（分别为+19.9±5.6与-6.4±3.3毫升，P<0.01），CO变化更大（分别为+3.8±1.2与+0.4±0.2升/分钟，P<0.01）。此外，尽管被动恢复期间Z0增加，但两种恢复方式下的MBP相似。这些结果表明，心血管调节机制（包括SVR增加）可能成功防止被动恢复期间血流动力学更快地恢复到基线以及心脏前负荷的降低，从而避免血压下降。
