Mehndiratta Man Mohan, Agarwal Puneet, Sen Kaushik, Sharma Bhawna
Department of Neurology, G.B. Pant Hospital, New Delhi 110002, India.
Med Sci Monit. 2004 Sep;10(9):CR535-41. Epub 2004 Aug 20.
Stroke is one of the foremost cause of morbidity and mortality, and poses a major socioeconomic problem in young patients, especially in developing countries.
MATERIAL/METHODS: The present study was conducted in order to analyze the clinical characteristics, stroke types and etiology of stroke in young persons.
Stroke in young patients accounted for 13.5% (127/940) of all cerebrovascular accident (CVA) cases admitted to the Department of Neurology between 1988 and 1997. Ischemic stroke accounted for 85.8% of the young patients of young stroke, while 14.2% had spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). In cases of cerebral infarction, 29.4% of these patients (32/109) had cardioembolic stroke, followed by atherosclerotic occlusive disease in 22% (24/109), and nonatherosclerotic vascular disease in 15.6% (17/109) of patients. 13 patients had a metabolic etiology, while the cause was undetermined in 11 cases (10.09%). 17.3% of the young patients (22/127) had no risk factors, while 27.55% (35/127) had multiple risk factors.
The major risk factors for stroke in our young patients were hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia and smoking. Oral contraceptives, alcohol and illicit drug use were infrequent risk factors, in contrast to Western studies. Cardioembolic stroke and atherosclerotic occlusive disease were the most common cause of ischemic stroke.
中风是发病和死亡的主要原因之一，在年轻患者中，尤其是在发展中国家，构成了一个重大的社会经济问题。
材料/方法：进行本研究以分析年轻人中风的临床特征、中风类型和病因。
1988年至1997年间，年轻患者中风占神经内科收治的所有脑血管意外（CVA）病例的13.5%（127/940）。缺血性中风占年轻中风患者的85.8%，而14.2%为自发性脑出血（ICH）。在脑梗死病例中，这些患者中有29.4%（32/109）发生心源性栓塞性中风，其次是动脉粥样硬化闭塞性疾病，占22%（24/109），非动脉粥样硬化性血管疾病占15.6%（17/109）。13例患者有代谢性病因，11例（10.09%）病因未明。17.3%的年轻患者（22/127）没有危险因素，而27.55%（35/127）有多种危险因素。
我们年轻患者中风的主要危险因素是高血压、高胆固醇血症、高甘油三酯血症和吸烟。与西方研究相比，口服避孕药、饮酒和使用非法药物是较少见的危险因素。心源性栓塞性中风和动脉粥样硬化闭塞性疾病是缺血性中风最常见的原因。
