Reyes-Ortiz Carlos A, Al Snih Soham, Loera José, Ray Laura A, Markides Kyriakos
Division of Geriatrics, Sealy Center on Aging, Galveston, Texas, USA.
Ethn Dis. 2004 Summer;14(3):417-22.
To estimate the prevalence of falls and the risk factors associated with falls in Mexican-American men and women aged 72 and older, from the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiological Study of the Elderly.
A 2-year cohort study.
Five Southwestern states: Texas, New Mexico, Colorado, Arizona, and California.
Data on sociodemographic characteristics, health status, cognitive function, affective function, functional status, body mass index, and summary performance measures of lower body function, were obtained (1998-1999). Two years later (2000-2001), falls in the previous 12 months were assessed by self-report. Chi-square, univariate statistics, and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used.
Of the 1,391 participants, 31.8% fell one or more times, and 14.2% reported 2 or more falls. In the logistic regression analysis, aged > or = 80 years (adjusted odds ratio [OR]=1.52, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.17-1.98), being female (OR=1.45, 95% CI 1.13-1.86), having diabetes (OR=1.37, 95% CI 1.06-1.77), having arthritis (OR=1.32, 95% CI 1.04-1.68), experiencing impairment of instrumental activities of daily living (OR=1.05, 95% CI 1.01-1.10), and exhibiting high depressive symptoms (OR=1.59, 95% CI 1.16-2.19), were significant (P<.05) independent risk factors for one or more falls. The risk of falling increased linearly with the number of risk factors, from 14% with none, to 41% with 3 or more risk factors (P<.001).
Prevalence of falls among older Mexican Americans was similar to that reported in non-Hispanic Caucasians. Potential modifiable conditions, such as functional deficits, arthritis, diabetes, and depressive symptoms were independent risk factors for falls in this population.
评估72岁及以上墨西哥裔美国男性和女性跌倒的患病率以及与跌倒相关的危险因素，研究对象来自西班牙裔老年流行病学研究的既定人群。
一项为期2年的队列研究。
五个西南部州：得克萨斯州、新墨西哥州、科罗拉多州、亚利桑那州和加利福尼亚州。
获取了（1998 - 1999年）社会人口学特征、健康状况、认知功能、情感功能、功能状态、体重指数以及下肢功能综合表现指标的数据。两年后（2000 - 2001年），通过自我报告评估过去12个月内的跌倒情况。使用了卡方检验、单变量统计和多变量逻辑回归分析。
在1391名参与者中，31.8%的人跌倒过一次或多次，14.2%的人报告跌倒过两次或更多次。在逻辑回归分析中，年龄≥80岁（调整后的优势比[OR]=1.52，95%置信区间[CI]=1.17 - 1.98）、女性（OR=1.45，95% CI 1.13 - 1.86）、患有糖尿病（OR=1.37，95% CI 1.06 - 1.77）、患有关节炎（OR=1.32，95% CI 1.04 - 1.68）、日常生活工具性活动受损（OR=1.05，95% CI 1.01 - 1.10）以及表现出高度抑郁症状（OR=1.59，95% CI 1.16 - 2.19）是一次或多次跌倒的显著（P<.05）独立危险因素。跌倒风险随危险因素数量呈线性增加，从无危险因素时的14%增加到有3个或更多危险因素时的41%（P<.001）。
老年墨西哥裔美国人跌倒的患病率与非西班牙裔白种人报告的患病率相似。功能缺陷、关节炎、糖尿病和抑郁症状等潜在可改变的状况是该人群跌倒的独立危险因素。
