Vandenhove Hildegarde, Goor François, Timofeyev Sergey, Grebenkov Alexander, Thiry Yves
Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK-CEN), Radioecology Section, Belgium.
Int J Phytoremediation. 2004;6(2):139-56. doi: 10.1080/16226510490454812.
Field experiments were conducted in the Chernobyl-affected area to assess if short rotation coppice (SRC) for energy production is a feasible alternative for contaminated land. Four willow clones were planted on sandy and peaty soil and the radiocaesium (137Cs) and radiostrontium (90Sr) transfer factors (TF) and yield relevant parameters were recorded during four growing seasons. The 137Cs and 90Sr soil-to-willow wood TF on sandy soil (second growing season) were on average 1.40+/-1.06 x 10(-3) m2 kg(-1) and 130+/-74 x 10(-3) m2 kg(-1), respectively. The 137Cs TF recorded for the peaty soil (fourth growing season or end of the first rotation cycle) was on average 5.17+/-1.59 x 10(-3) m2 kg(-1). The 90Sr-TF was on average 2.61+/-0.44 x 10(-3) m2 kg(-1). No significant differences between clones for the 137Cs and 90Sr-TF were observed. Given the high TFs and the high deposition levels, Belarus exemption levels for fuel wood were highly exceeded. The annual average biomass production for one rotation cycle on the peaty soil ranged from 7.8 to 16.0 t ha(-1) y(-1) for one of the clones, comparable with average annual yield figures obtained for western Europe. On the sandy soils, first-year yields were 0.25 t ha(-1) y(-1). These soils are not suitable for SRC production and should better be dedicated to pine forests or drought-resistant grasses.
在受切尔诺贝利事故影响的地区进行了田间试验，以评估用于能源生产的短轮伐期矮林（SRC）是否是受污染土地的可行替代方案。在沙质土壤和泥炭土上种植了四个柳树无性系，并在四个生长季节记录了放射性铯（137Cs）和放射性锶（90Sr）的转移因子（TF）以及与产量相关的参数。沙质土壤上（第二个生长季节）137Cs和90Sr从土壤到柳树木材的转移因子平均分别为1.40±1.06×10−3 m2 kg−1和130±74×10−3 m2 kg−1。泥炭土上（第四个生长季节或第一个轮伐周期结束时）记录的137Cs转移因子平均为5.17±1.59×10−3 m2 kg−1。90Sr转移因子平均为2.61±0.44×10−3 m2 kg−1。未观察到无性系之间137Cs和90Sr转移因子的显著差异。鉴于转移因子较高且沉积水平较高，白俄罗斯燃料木材的豁免水平被大大超过。对于其中一个无性系，泥炭土上一个轮伐周期的年平均生物量产量在7.8至16.0 t ha−1 y−1之间，与西欧获得的年平均产量数字相当。在沙质土壤上，第一年的产量为0.25 t ha−1 y−1。这些土壤不适合短轮伐期矮林生产，最好用于松树林或耐旱草类。
