Pixley S K
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Ohio 45267-0521.
Glia. 1992;5(4):269-84. doi: 10.1002/glia.440050405.
The peripheral olfactory nervous system exhibits, uniquely, neuronal cell body replacement and reestablishment of central connections in adult mammals. The role of the olfactory nerve glia in these phenomena is unknown, but information might be provided by in vitro systems. This paper reports on the characterization of olfactory nerve glia in dissociated cell cultures of newborn rat nasal mucosal tissues. The predominant type of glial cell resembled Schwann cells and immunostained for the S-100 protein, found in all glial cell types; glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), found in astrocytes and nonmyelinating Schwann cells; and showed binding of 217C, a monoclonal Schwann-cell marker that binds to the low-affinity NGF receptor in glioma cells. They were negative for A2B5. The Schwann-cell-like olfactory glia changed morphology upon culturing in serum-free medium, with further shape changes after plating on laminin. Plating on laminin increased cell numbers. A second population, found only after GFAP-immunostaining, was astrocyte-like in morphology and represented approximately 10 percent of all glial cells. These were S-100-, A2B5-, and 217C-negative, a unique glial cell immunological profile. At low dilutions of anti-GFAP (1/10,000), or with weak fluorescent secondary antibodies, astrocyte-like glia were immunostained but Schwann-cell-like glia were not detectable. Astrocyte-like glia were not an artifact of the dissection, since they were detectable in tissue sections of newborn-rat olfactory nerves immunostained with a low dilution of anti-GFAP. The presence of two types of glial cells in culture suggests similarities between olfactory glia and enteric glia.
成年哺乳动物的外周嗅觉神经系统具有独特之处，即神经元细胞体可进行替换并重新建立中枢连接。嗅觉神经胶质细胞在这些现象中所起的作用尚不清楚，但体外系统可能会提供相关信息。本文报道了新生大鼠鼻粘膜组织解离细胞培养物中嗅觉神经胶质细胞的特征。胶质细胞的主要类型类似于雪旺细胞，对所有胶质细胞类型中都存在的S-100蛋白进行免疫染色；对星形胶质细胞和无髓雪旺细胞中存在的胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）进行免疫染色；并显示出217C的结合，217C是一种单克隆雪旺细胞标记物，可与胶质瘤细胞中的低亲和力神经生长因子受体结合。它们对A2B5呈阴性。在无血清培养基中培养时，雪旺细胞样嗅觉胶质细胞的形态会发生变化，接种到层粘连蛋白上后形态会进一步改变。接种到层粘连蛋白上会增加细胞数量。仅在进行GFAP免疫染色后才发现的第二种细胞群体，其形态类似于星形胶质细胞，约占所有胶质细胞的10%。这些细胞对S-100、A2B5和217C呈阴性，具有独特的胶质细胞免疫特征。在抗GFAP的低稀释度（1/10,000）下，或使用弱荧光二抗时，星形胶质细胞样胶质细胞会被免疫染色，但雪旺细胞样胶质细胞无法检测到。星形胶质细胞样胶质细胞不是解剖的假象，因为在新生大鼠嗅觉神经的组织切片中，用低稀释度的抗GFAP进行免疫染色时可以检测到它们。培养物中存在两种类型的胶质细胞，这表明嗅觉胶质细胞与肠胶质细胞之间存在相似之处。
