Quinones-Hinojosa Alfredo, Gulati Mittul, Singh Vineeta, Lawton Michael T
Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California 94143-0112, USA.
Neurosurg Focus. 2003 Oct 15;15(4):E3. doi: 10.3171/foc.2003.15.4.3.
Although intracranial hemorrhage accounts for approximately 10 to 15% of all cases of stroke, it is associated with a high mortality rate. Bleeding disorders account for a small but significant risk factor associated with intracranial hemorrhage. In conditions such as hemophilia and acute leukemia associated with thrombocytopenia, massive intracranial hemorrhage is often the cause of death. The authors present a comprehensive review of both the physiology of hemostasis and the pathophysiology underlying spontaneous ICH due to coagulation disorders. These disorders are divided into acquired conditions, including iatrogenic and neoplastic coagulopathies, and congenital problems, including hemophilia and rarer diseases. The authors also discuss clinical features, diagnosis, and management of intracranial hemorrhage resulting from these bleeding disorders.
虽然颅内出血约占所有中风病例的10%至15%，但其死亡率很高。出血性疾病是与颅内出血相关的一个虽小但重要的风险因素。在诸如血友病和与血小板减少症相关的急性白血病等情况下，大量颅内出血往往是死亡原因。作者对止血生理学以及因凝血障碍导致的自发性颅内出血的病理生理学进行了全面综述。这些障碍分为获得性疾病，包括医源性和肿瘤性凝血病，以及先天性问题，包括血友病和罕见疾病。作者还讨论了由这些出血性疾病导致的颅内出血的临床特征、诊断和管理。
