Burchfiel C M, Boice J A, Stafford B A, Bond G G
Dow Chemical Company, Department of Epidemiology, Midland, Michigan 48674.
J Occup Med. 1992 Feb;34(2):129-34. doi: 10.1097/00043764-199202000-00011.
To estimate prevalence of back pain and joint problems in employees of a chemical manufacturing company, a questionnaire was administered during medical surveillance examinations between 1987 and 1989. Among 5903 employees completing the questionnaire 35.4% reported back or joint pain during the past year. Back pain lasting 30 days or more occurred in 5.3% of employees, while joint pain and/or swelling occurred in 19.3% of employees. A physician visit was involved for 10.5% and 11.1% of employees reporting back pain and joint problems respectively. A trend of increasing prevalence with increasing age was significant (P less than .001) for all musculoskeletal outcomes. Unadjusted prevalence of back pain and joint problems was significantly higher among men and among whites. After adjusting for age, race, and occupation using logistic regression, the difference in prevalence for the two sexes was diminished or reversed. Similarly, differences in race were diminished when other variables were controlled. Differences in prevalence by occupation were attenuated after adjustment for age, gender, and race. Back pain tended to be reported more frequently for managers, back pain and joint problems for technicians, and back pain requiring physician visit for craftsmen. Self-reported back pain and joint problems during the previous year vary more by age and occupation and less by gender and race in this employed population.
为了评估一家化工制造公司员工背痛和关节问题的患病率，于1987年至1989年期间在医学监测检查中发放了调查问卷。在5903名完成问卷的员工中，35.4%的人报告在过去一年中有背部或关节疼痛。持续30天及以上的背痛发生在5.3%的员工中，而关节疼痛和/或肿胀发生在19.3%的员工中。分别有10.5%和11.1%报告有背痛和关节问题的员工去看了医生。所有肌肉骨骼疾病的患病率均随年龄增长呈显著上升趋势（P<0.001）。背痛和关节问题的未调整患病率在男性和白人中显著更高。在使用逻辑回归对年龄、种族和职业进行调整后，两性患病率的差异减小或逆转。同样，在控制其他变量后，种族差异也减小了。在对年龄、性别和种族进行调整后，职业患病率的差异减弱。经理报告背痛的频率往往更高，技术人员报告背痛和关节问题的频率更高，而工匠报告需要看医生的背痛频率更高。在这一就业人群中，前一年自我报告的背痛和关节问题在年龄和职业方面的差异更大，在性别和种族方面的差异更小。
