Muelleman R L, Mlinek E J, Collicott P E
Department of Emergency Medical Services, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha.
Ann Emerg Med. 1992 Mar;21(3):266-72. doi: 10.1016/s0196-0644(05)80886-8.
To document the effect of a reenacted comprehensive helmet use law on injuries and fatalities.
Retrospective before-and-after analysis.
Two urban counties representing 40% of Nebraska's population.
Six hundred seventy-one patients reported as injured to the Nebraska Department of Roads in the period from one year before through one year after the reenactment on January 1, 1989.
The helmet use law was temporally associated with a 26% decrease in the reported rate of motorcycle crashes in Nebraska compared with five other midwestern states. There were sharp declines in the number (and rates) of reported injured, hospital transports, hospital admissions, severe nonhead injuries, severe head injuries, and deaths. Serious head injuries (Abbreviated Injury Score, 3 or higher) decreased 22%. The percentage of injured motorcyclists with serious head injuries was significantly lower among the helmeted motorcyclists (5%) than among the unhelmeted cyclists (14%) for the two years combined.
The reenactment of a helmet use law resulted in fewer crashes, fatalities, and severe head injuries.
记录重新颁布的全面头盔使用法对伤亡情况的影响。
回顾性前后分析。
代表内布拉斯加州40%人口的两个城市县。
1989年1月1日重新颁布法律前一年至后一年期间向内布拉斯加州公路部报告受伤的671名患者。
与其他五个中西部州相比，头盔使用法在内布拉斯加州与报告的摩托车撞车率下降26%在时间上相关。报告的受伤人数（和比率）、医院转运、住院人数、严重非头部损伤、严重头部损伤和死亡人数均大幅下降。严重头部损伤（简明损伤定级，3级或更高）减少了22%。在两年的时间里，佩戴头盔的摩托车骑行者中严重头部损伤的受伤摩托车骑行者百分比（5%）显著低于未佩戴头盔的骑行者（14%）。
重新颁布头盔使用法导致撞车、死亡和严重头部损伤减少。
