Scheible Wolf-Rüdiger, Morcuende Rosa, Czechowski Tomasz, Fritz Christina, Osuna Daniel, Palacios-Rojas Natalia, Schindelasch Dana, Thimm Oliver, Udvardi Michael K, Stitt Mark
Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Golm, Germany.
Plant Physiol. 2004 Sep;136(1):2483-99. doi: 10.1104/pp.104.047019.
Transcriptome analysis, using Affymetrix ATH1 arrays and a real-time reverse transcription-PCR platform for >1,400 transcription factors, was performed to identify processes affected by long-term nitrogen-deprivation or short-term nitrate nutrition in Arabidopsis. Two days of nitrogen deprivation led to coordinate repression of the majority of the genes assigned to photosynthesis, chlorophyll synthesis, plastid protein synthesis, induction of many genes for secondary metabolism, and reprogramming of mitochondrial electron transport. Nitrate readdition led to rapid, widespread, and coordinated changes. Multiple genes for the uptake and reduction of nitrate, the generation of reducing equivalents, and organic acid skeletons were induced within 30 min, before primary metabolites changed significantly. By 3 h, most genes assigned to amino acid and nucleotide biosynthesis and scavenging were induced, while most genes assigned to amino acid and nucleotide breakdown were repressed. There was coordinate induction of many genes assigned to RNA synthesis and processing and most of the genes assigned to amino acid activation and protein synthesis. Although amino acids involved in central metabolism increased, minor amino acids decreased, providing independent evidence for the activation of protein synthesis. Specific genes encoding expansin and tonoplast intrinsic proteins were induced, indicating activation of cell expansion and growth in response to nitrate nutrition. There were rapid responses in the expression of many genes potentially involved in regulation, including genes for trehalose metabolism and hormone metabolism, protein kinases and phosphatases, receptor kinases, and transcription factors.
利用Affymetrix ATH1芯片和一个针对1400多种转录因子的实时逆转录PCR平台进行转录组分析，以确定拟南芥中受长期氮剥夺或短期硝酸盐营养影响的过程。两天的氮剥夺导致大多数与光合作用、叶绿素合成、质体蛋白质合成相关的基因协同抑制，许多次生代谢基因被诱导，以及线粒体电子传递的重新编程。硝酸盐重新添加导致快速、广泛且协同的变化。在初级代谢产物显著变化之前，30分钟内诱导了多个与硝酸盐吸收和还原、还原当量生成以及有机酸骨架相关的基因。到3小时时，大多数与氨基酸和核苷酸生物合成及清除相关的基因被诱导，而大多数与氨基酸和核苷酸分解相关的基因被抑制。许多与RNA合成和加工相关的基因以及大多数与氨基酸活化和蛋白质合成相关的基因被协同诱导。尽管参与中心代谢的氨基酸增加，但次要氨基酸减少，为蛋白质合成的激活提供了独立证据。编码扩展蛋白和液泡膜内在蛋白的特定基因被诱导，表明响应硝酸盐营养，细胞扩展和生长被激活。许多可能参与调控的基因的表达有快速反应，包括海藻糖代谢和激素代谢相关基因、蛋白激酶和磷酸酶、受体激酶以及转录因子。
