Hooker K
Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, NY 13244.
J Gerontol. 1992 Mar;47(2):P85-95. doi: 10.1093/geronj/47.2.p85.
Two studies were conducted to assess motivational aspects of the self by measuring hoped-for and feared possible selves among a sample of older adults and college students. It was predicted that health-related possible selves would be predominant among older adults, but not college students, and that self-regulatory aspects of possible selves would be related to perceived health. Data were collected through interviews and questionnaires. Older adults were significantly more likely to have possible selves in the realm of health than were college students. Regression analyses with the older sample indicate that outcome expectancy for a hoped-for self was positively related to perceived health, whereas amount of time spent thinking about a hoped-for possible self was negatively related to perceived health. However, these relationships were not significant when evaluated in relation to a feared possible self, indicating that there may be differences in the way self-regulatory processes operate in service of positive, as opposed to negative, goals for the self. Results are discussed with reference to theoretical models of self-efficacy and motivation over the life span.
开展了两项研究，通过测量老年人和大学生样本中期望的和恐惧的可能自我来评估自我的动机方面。据预测，与健康相关的可能自我在老年人中占主导地位，但在大学生中并非如此，并且可能自我的自我调节方面与感知健康相关。数据通过访谈和问卷收集。与大学生相比，老年人在健康领域拥有可能自我的可能性显著更高。对老年样本的回归分析表明，期望自我的结果预期与感知健康呈正相关，而花在思考期望的可能自我上的时间量与感知健康呈负相关。然而，当与恐惧的可能自我相关联进行评估时，这些关系并不显著，这表明在为自我的积极目标而非消极目标服务时，自我调节过程的运作方式可能存在差异。参照自我效能和毕生动机的理论模型对结果进行了讨论。
