Ventorp M, Michanek P
Department of Farm Buildings, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Lund.
J Dairy Sci. 1992 Jan;75(1):262-8. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(92)77761-3.
Because antibody levels in colostrum and the efficiency of the intestinal absorption of these antibodies decrease with time after birth, late sucking inadequate passive immunity. The influence of the conformation and the size of the udder and teats of the dam on the teat-seeking behavior of newborn calves with respect to the time they first suckle was studied in 42 cow-calf pairs housed in individual calving pens. A smaller distance from udder to floor (e.g., low slung udders) led to increase in the time spent teat seeking; it also had a significant effect of the time of the first suckle. The variation in the distance from udder to floor accounted for 24 and 15% of the variations in rank order of the calves with respect to duration of active teat seeking before first suckling and to the time to first suckle, respectively. The results of this study showed that calves born to cows or heifers with low slung udders cannot be expected to obtain colostrum soon enough by natural suckling. They should either be helped to suckle or be hand fed to ensure that they receive a good and adequate passive immunity.
由于初乳中的抗体水平以及这些抗体在肠道中的吸收效率会随着出生后的时间而下降，所以较晚吸吮会导致被动免疫不足。在单独产犊栏中饲养的42对母牛-犊牛中，研究了母牛乳房和乳头的形态及大小对新生犊牛首次吸吮时间的寻乳行为的影响。乳房到地面的距离较小（例如，乳房低垂）会导致寻乳时间增加；这对首次吸吮时间也有显著影响。乳房到地面距离的变化分别占犊牛首次吸吮前主动寻乳持续时间和首次吸吮时间排名顺序变化的24%和15%。这项研究的结果表明，不能期望乳房低垂的母牛或小母牛所生的犊牛通过自然吸吮尽快获得初乳。要么帮助它们吸吮，要么人工喂养，以确保它们获得良好且充足的被动免疫。
