Fox L K
Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Washington State University, Pullman 99164.
J Dairy Sci. 1992 Jan;75(1):66-71. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(92)77739-X.
The abilities of common postmilking teat disinfectant solutions and a teat skin ointment to retard Staphylococcus aureus colonization and promote healing of chapped skin were studied. Ten Holstein cows, free of S. aureus intramammary infections and mammary epidermal colonization, were used. All teats were experimentally chapped with 1N sodium hydroxide and dipped in S. aureus broth culture of 5 x 10(6) cfu/ml after three consecutive milkings. Postmilking teat disinfectant treatments were applied, starting after the second application of S. aureus broth culture, and were continued for the next 19 milkings. Quarters of each cow received one of the following postmilking teat treatments: 1% iodine plus 10% glycerin solution; .5% chlorhexidine plus 4.87% glycerin solution; 1% chlorhexidine ointment; and no postmilking treatment. After milking and before treatment application, samples of skin swabbings of the teat end and teat side and samples of milk were collected. Daily teat skin chapping visual scores were made to assess chapping and healing. Teat skin chapping decreased with time, and the decline was similar among treatments. The concentration of S. aureus recovered from teat skin swabbing solutions decreased over time. Staphylococcus aureus were recovered at significantly lower concentrations from swabbing solutions of teats that were dipped with iodine and chlorhexidine solutions as compared with untreated teats. Staphylococcus aureus was in marginally higher concentrations on ointment-treated teats than on dipped teats. Results indicate the importance of using postmilking teat dips on chapped teats and suggest no advantage in applying a disinfectant ointment to chapped teats to reduce S. aureus colonization and improve skin healing.
研究了常见的挤奶后乳头消毒剂溶液和一种乳头皮肤软膏抑制金黄色葡萄球菌定植以及促进皲裂皮肤愈合的能力。使用了10头无金黄色葡萄球菌乳房内感染和乳房表皮定植的荷斯坦奶牛。所有乳头经实验性地用1N氢氧化钠皲裂，并在连续三次挤奶后浸入5×10(6) cfu/ml的金黄色葡萄球菌肉汤培养物中。挤奶后乳头消毒处理在第二次应用金黄色葡萄球菌肉汤培养物后开始，并在接下来的19次挤奶中持续进行。每头奶牛的每个乳区接受以下挤奶后乳头处理之一：1%碘加10%甘油溶液；0.5%洗必泰加4.87%甘油溶液；1%洗必泰软膏；以及不进行挤奶后处理。在挤奶后且在进行处理之前，收集乳头末端和乳头侧面的皮肤擦拭样本以及牛奶样本。每天对乳头皮肤皲裂进行视觉评分以评估皲裂和愈合情况。乳头皮肤皲裂随时间减少，且各处理间的下降情况相似。从乳头皮肤擦拭溶液中回收的金黄色葡萄球菌浓度随时间降低。与未处理的乳头相比，用碘溶液和洗必泰溶液浸渍的乳头擦拭溶液中回收的金黄色葡萄球菌浓度显著更低。软膏处理的乳头表面金黄色葡萄球菌浓度略高于浸渍处理的乳头。结果表明对皲裂乳头使用挤奶后乳头浸液的重要性，并表明对皲裂乳头涂抹消毒软膏以减少金黄色葡萄球菌定植和改善皮肤愈合并无优势。
