Masters K S
Department of Psychological Science, Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47306.
Am J Clin Hypn. 1992 Jan;34(3):193-201. doi: 10.1080/00029157.1992.10402844.
I studied the hypnotic ability of marathon runners as it relates to cognitive dissociation while running and to runner's high. Dissociating runners use a cognitive style in which they cut themselves off from the sensory feedback they would normally receive from their body. Marathon runners demonstrated high hypnotic susceptibility scores. Additionally, use of dissociation as a running strategy during the marathon was positively related to susceptibility, and runners who dissociated in training had higher susceptibility scores than did other runners. Runner's high was not related to hypnotic susceptibility; however, it was positively related to dissociation. The most common description of runner's high was general relaxation, whereas the least used description was total euphoria. Surprisingly some runners defined runner's high in ambivalent or negative terms. These results were related to the processes of self-hypnosis and to the positive mental health benefits of running.
我研究了马拉松运动员的催眠能力,它与跑步时的认知解离以及跑步者的愉悦感有关。采用解离方式跑步的运动员运用一种认知风格,在这种风格中,他们将自己与正常情况下从身体接收的感觉反馈隔离开来。马拉松运动员表现出较高的催眠易感性得分。此外,在马拉松比赛期间将解离作为一种跑步策略与易感性呈正相关,并且在训练中采用解离方式的运动员比其他运动员有更高的易感性得分。跑步者的愉悦感与催眠易感性无关;然而,它与解离呈正相关。对跑步者愉悦感最常见的描述是全身放松,而最少使用的描述是极度欣快。令人惊讶的是,一些运动员用矛盾或消极的术语来定义跑步者的愉悦感。这些结果与自我催眠过程以及跑步对心理健康的积极益处有关。