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马拉松运动员训练和比赛中耐力能力的测定及运动强度的预测

Determination of endurance capacity and prediction of exercise intensities for training and competition in marathon runners.

作者信息

Föhrenbach R, Mader A, Hollmann W

出版信息

Int J Sports Med. 1987 Feb;8(1):11-8. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1025633.

Abstract

Male and female marathon runners (n = 34) were studied in incremental and continuous running tests under both laboratory and field conditions. Aerobic capacity was determined based on the relationship between the lactate concentration and running velocity. We also analyzed the acid-base balance after the laboratory test of continuous running for 45 min. The individual running velocities in the incremental field test at given lactate concentrations were correlated with the marathon running velocities. Training workouts for six female runners were analyzed, and running speed during endurance training was compared with the lactate-velocity relationship in an incremental laboratory test. The main findings are summarized below. There is a very close relationship between the velocities determined at 2.5, 3, and 4 mmol/l in the incremental field test and the marathon running velocity (r = 0.88-0.99, P less than 0.001). The highest correlation between test and marathon velocities was found at a lactate concentration of 2.5 and 3.0 mmol/l. In field and laboratory running tests lasting 44 and 45 min at a speed chosen in accordance with the runner's current marathon time, lactate levels reached a steady state at approximately 3 mmol/l. A slight increase in blood lactate levels was compensated via respiratory mechanisms. In the continuous treadmill test (n = 8), we recorded the following changes after the first blood sample collection (i.e., 10 min) and post-exercise: blood lactate concentrations rose from 2.2 +/- 0.93 to 3.5 +/- 1.45 mmol/l; the negative base excess increased from -1.2 +/- 3.2 to -3.4 +/- 1.7 mval/l.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

摘要

对34名男女马拉松运动员在实验室和野外条件下进行了递增和持续跑步测试。根据乳酸浓度与跑步速度之间的关系确定有氧能力。我们还分析了持续跑步45分钟的实验室测试后的酸碱平衡。在给定乳酸浓度下递增野外测试中的个体跑步速度与马拉松跑步速度相关。分析了六名女性跑步者的训练情况,并将耐力训练期间的跑步速度与递增实验室测试中的乳酸-速度关系进行了比较。主要研究结果总结如下。在递增野外测试中,2.5、3和4毫摩尔/升时测定的速度与马拉松跑步速度之间存在非常密切的关系(r = 0.88 - 0.99,P < 0.001)。在乳酸浓度为2.5和3.0毫摩尔/升时,测试速度与马拉松速度之间的相关性最高。在根据跑步者当前马拉松时间选择的速度下,持续44分钟的野外跑步测试和持续45分钟的实验室跑步测试中,乳酸水平在约3毫摩尔/升时达到稳定状态。血液乳酸水平的轻微升高通过呼吸机制得到补偿。在持续跑步机测试(n = 8)中,我们记录了首次采血(即10分钟)后和运动后的以下变化:血液乳酸浓度从2.2±0.93毫摩尔/升升至3.5±1.45毫摩尔/升;负碱剩余从-1.2±3.2毫摩尔/升增加到-3.4±1.7毫摩尔/升。(摘要截断于250字)

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