Davidoff G N, Roth E J, Richards J S
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1992 Mar;73(3):275-84.
Cognitive deficits are common among patients with acute spinal cord injury (SCI), but reported prevalence figures vary because of different methods of study. Factors associated with cognitive deficits in patients with SCI include age, educational background, history of learning disability, chronic alcohol and substance abuse, and concomitant or recurrent traumatic brain injury. Psychologic testing of patients with and without cognitive deficits indicates that impaired psychosocial adjustment and adaptation are more frequent in SCI patients who have evidence of cognitive deficits. Various associations have been found between neuropsychologic test performance and major depression. Cognitive functioning and premorbid educational level appear to be associated with medical stability, the patient's ability to assimilate the necessary skills for survival and adaptation after SCI, and readmission patterns after discharge for initial inpatient rehabilitation.
认知缺陷在急性脊髓损伤（SCI）患者中很常见，但由于研究方法不同，报告的患病率数字有所差异。与SCI患者认知缺陷相关的因素包括年龄、教育背景、学习障碍史、慢性酒精和药物滥用，以及并发或复发性创伤性脑损伤。对有和没有认知缺陷的患者进行心理测试表明，在有认知缺陷证据的SCI患者中，心理社会调整和适应受损更为常见。在神经心理测试表现与重度抑郁症之间发现了各种关联。认知功能和病前教育水平似乎与医疗稳定性、患者在SCI后吸收生存和适应所需技能的能力以及出院后首次住院康复后的再入院模式有关。
