Maresca Giuseppa, Latella Desirèe, Formica Caterina, Veneziani Isabella, Ielo Augusto, Quartarone Angelo, Calabrò Rocco Salvatore, De Cola Maria Cristina
IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", S.S. 113 Via Palermo C. da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy.
Department of Nervous System and Behavioural Sciences, Psychology Section, University of Pavia, Piazza Botta 11, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
J Clin Med. 2024 Feb 23;13(5):1275. doi: 10.3390/jcm13051275.
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe and progressive neurological condition caused by trauma to the nervous system, resulting in lifelong disability and severe comorbidities. This condition imposes serious limitations on everyday life, interfering with patients' social lives and compromising their quality of life, psychological well-being, and daily living activities. Rehabilitation is essential to helping SCI patients gain more independence in their daily routines. Home automation (HA) systems provide personalized support to users, allowing them to manage various aspects of their living environment, promoting independence and well-being. This study aims to demonstrate the efficacy of an HA system in enhancing personal and social autonomies in SCI patients, resulting in improved cognitive function and reduced anxiety-depressive symptoms compared to traditional training. We enrolled 50 SCI patients undergoing neurorehabilitation at IRCCS Centro Neurolesi (Messina, Italy). These patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups: a control group (CG) and an experimental group (EG). The CG received traditional training, while the EG underwent HA training. We evaluated the patients before (T0) and after (T1) rehabilitation using various scales, including the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HRS-A), the 12-Item Short-Form Survey (SF-12), the Functional Independence Measure (FIM), Activities of Daily Living (ADL), Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale (IADL), and the EQ-5D-5L. The effect of the experimental treatment showed an improvement in all patients test scores in the EG, especially regarding cognitive functions, mood disorders, activities of daily living, and quality of life. Our findings suggest that HA may be effective in improving daily autonomy and, in turn, alleviating mood disorders and enhancing psychological well-being.
脊髓损伤（SCI）是一种由神经系统创伤引起的严重且进行性的神经疾病，会导致终身残疾和严重的合并症。这种疾病给日常生活带来严重限制，干扰患者的社交生活，损害他们的生活质量、心理健康和日常生活活动。康复对于帮助脊髓损伤患者在日常生活中获得更多独立性至关重要。家庭自动化（HA）系统为用户提供个性化支持，使他们能够管理生活环境的各个方面，促进独立性和幸福感。本研究旨在证明家庭自动化系统在增强脊髓损伤患者的个人和社会自主性方面的功效，与传统训练相比，能改善认知功能并减轻焦虑抑郁症状。我们招募了50名在意大利梅西纳IRCCS神经损伤中心接受神经康复治疗的脊髓损伤患者。这些患者被随机分为两组：对照组（CG）和实验组（EG）。对照组接受传统训练，而实验组接受家庭自动化训练。我们在康复前（T0）和康复后（T1）使用各种量表对患者进行评估，包括蒙特利尔认知评估量表（MoCA）、贝克抑郁量表（BDI）、汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HRS - A）、简明健康调查12项量表（SF - 12）、功能独立性测量量表（FIM）、日常生活活动量表（ADL）、日常生活能力量表（IADL）和EQ - 5D - 5L量表。实验性治疗的效果显示，实验组所有患者的测试分数均有提高，尤其是在认知功能、情绪障碍、日常生活活动和生活质量方面。我们的研究结果表明，家庭自动化可能有效地改善日常自主性，进而缓解情绪障碍并提高心理健康水平。
