Poné D K, Fomunyam R T
Institute of Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD), Mankon Station, PMB 411 Bamenda, NWP.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2004 Jul;36(5):513-21. doi: 10.1023/b:trop.0000034998.09948.fe.
An 8-week experiment was carried out to evaluate the performance of broiler chickens fed on diets containing either roasted full-fat soyabean meal (RSBM), roasted full-fat kidney bean meal (RKBM), cottonseed cake meal (CSM) or soyabean meal (SBM). A total of 240 unsexed, day-old-chicks were randomly assigned to four treatments so that there were 10 chicks per experimental unit in a randomized complete block design with three blocks and two replicates per block. Cumulative feed intake was depressed (p < 0.01) with the RSBM-based diet (71 g/bird per day) and was lowest with the RKBM-based diet (64 g/bird per day). Growth was closely related to feed intake, averaging 2122 g, 2094 g, 1960 g and 1601 g for CSM-, SBM-, RSBM- and RKBM-based diets, respectively. However, feed conversion ratio (g food intake/g body weight gain) was similar at 8 weeks of birds' age, although the values were highest (p<0.01) at the first 2 weeks of age for birds fed on RKBM-based diets. Mortality was not affected (p >0.05) by treatment effects. Feed cost efficiency (CFA Franc (Fcfa) per kilogram live chicken) showed that the SBM-based diet (494 Fcfa) and RKBM-based diet (493 Fcfa) were more expensive (p<0.01) than the RSBM-based diet (400 Fcfa). The CSM-based diet was the most economical (358 Fcfa) as a result of the lower market price of cottonseed cake. Despite suboptimal production performance and given current market prices, replacing imported SBM with locally produced RKBM, RSBM or CSM would allow farmers to save 1%, 19% and 28%, respectively, on feed cost efficiency. Roasting soyabeans in place of imported SBM allowed farmers to save about 19% for each CFA franc spent on a kilogram of live bird at 8 weeks of age.
进行了一项为期8周的试验，以评估饲喂含有烤全脂豆粕（RSBM）、烤全脂芸豆粕（RKBM）、棉籽饼粕（CSM）或豆粕（SBM）日粮的肉鸡的生产性能。总共240只一日龄雏鸡被随机分配到4种处理中，采用随机完全区组设计，每个试验单元有10只雏鸡，共3个区组，每个区组2个重复。以RSBM为基础的日粮的累积采食量降低（p<0.01）（71克/只·天），以RKBM为基础的日粮的累积采食量最低（64克/只·天）。生长与采食量密切相关，以CSM、SBM、RSBM和RKBM为基础的日粮的平均体重分别为2122克、2094克、1960克和1601克。然而，8周龄时的饲料转化率（克采食量/克体重增加）相似，尽管以RKBM为基础日粮的鸡在最初2周龄时饲料转化率最高（p<0.01）。死亡率不受处理效应的影响（p>0.05）。饲料成本效率（每千克活鸡的非洲金融共同体法郎（Fcfa））表明，以SBM为基础的日粮（494 Fcfa）和以RKBM为基础的日粮（493 Fcfa）比以RSBM为基础的日粮（400 Fcfa）更昂贵（p<0.01）。由于棉籽饼的市场价格较低，以CSM为基础的日粮最经济（358 Fcfa）。尽管生产性能不理想，但鉴于当前市场价格，用当地生产的RKBM、RSBM或CSM替代进口SBM可使养殖户在饲料成本效率方面分别节省1%、19%和28%。用烤大豆替代进口SBM可使养殖户在8周龄时每花费1非洲金融共同体法郎用于一千克活鸡节省约19%。
