Hughes John R, Oliveto Alison H, Riggs Raine, Kenny Michael, Liguori Anthony, Pillitteri Janine L, MacLaughlin Mark A
Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington 05401-1419, USA.
Addict Behav. 2004 Nov;29(8):1527-39. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2004.02.031.
Two samples of adult daily smokers completed a structured interview to determine nicotine dependence according to generic (DSM-IV/ICD-10), Fagerström [Fagerström Tolerance Questionnaire (FTQ), Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND), Heavy Smoking Index (HSI), and time to first cigarette after awakening (TFC)], consumption [e.g., cigarettes/day (CPD)], and self-rating (e.g., "how addicted are you") measures. One sample was a population-based sample of 43 smokers from the Vermont site of the DSM-IV field trial for substance use disorders. The other sample consisted of 50 smokers evenly distributed across a wide range of CPD to study biochemical markers of smokers. In the first study, DSM/ICD criteria were only slightly correlated with Fagerström (r =.24-.35) and consumption (r =.06-0.33) criteria. Self-rating criteria were correlated moderately with most other criteria (r =.24-.60). In the second study, generic, Fagerström, and self-rating criteria increased with increasing CPD up to 30 CPD but not thereafter. One interpretation of these results is that generic, Fagerström, consumption, and self-rating criteria each tap different aspects of nicotine dependence.
两组成年日常吸烟者完成了一项结构化访谈，以根据通用标准（DSM-IV/ICD-10）、法格斯特龙标准[法格斯特龙耐受问卷（FTQ）、法格斯特龙尼古丁依赖测试（FTND）、重度吸烟指数（HSI）以及醒来后至第一支烟的时间（TFC）]、吸烟量[例如，每日吸烟支数（CPD）]和自我评估（例如，“你有多上瘾”）指标来确定尼古丁依赖程度。一组样本是来自物质使用障碍DSM-IV现场试验佛蒙特站点的43名吸烟者的基于人群的样本。另一组样本由50名吸烟者组成，他们的CPD分布在较宽范围内，用于研究吸烟者的生化指标。在第一项研究中，DSM/ICD标准与法格斯特龙标准（r = 0.24 - 0.35）和吸烟量标准（r = 0.06 - 0.33）仅有微弱相关性。自我评估标准与大多数其他标准呈中度相关（r = 0.24 - 0.60）。在第二项研究中，通用标准、法格斯特龙标准和自我评估标准在CPD增加至30支/天之前随CPD增加而升高，但此后不再升高。这些结果的一种解释是，通用标准、法格斯特龙标准、吸烟量标准和自我评估标准各自反映了尼古丁依赖的不同方面。
