Jing Fang
Institute for Health Sciences, Kunming Medical College, Yunnan Province, P.R. China.
Health Policy Plan. 2004 Oct;19 Suppl 1:i40-i49. doi: 10.1093/heapol/czh044.
This paper describes and analyses the major reforms and changes that have occurred in the rural health sector of China. Key findings from a number of empirical studies on reproductive health service provision and utilization are summarized in order to assess the implications for reproductive health services of the ongoing health reform. The focus of this paper is what has actually been happening at the ground level, rather than what should have been happening as stated by rural health sector reform policies. It is argued that reproductive health is a missing component of the current health sector reform agenda. It also argued that the rural health sector reform in China is really a passive response to the changed rural socio-economic conditions rather than an active action aimed at improving the health status of the rural population. The ongoing rural health reform has produced both negative and positive implications for reproductive health services and there is a need for both the state, and for women, to play a much stronger role in this reform. Further studies and actions are required, however, to identify the specific type of roles and activities that the state and women need to undertake so as to fulfil the reproductive health goals and objectives set forth by the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development.
本文描述并分析了中国农村卫生部门发生的重大改革与变化。总结了一些关于生殖健康服务提供与利用的实证研究的主要发现，以评估当前卫生改革对生殖健康服务的影响。本文的重点是基层实际发生的情况，而非农村卫生部门改革政策所宣称应该发生的情况。有人认为，生殖健康是当前卫生部门改革议程中缺失的一部分。还有人认为，中国农村卫生部门改革实际上是对农村社会经济条件变化的被动回应，而非旨在改善农村人口健康状况的积极行动。当前的农村卫生改革对生殖健康服务产生了正负两方面的影响，国家和妇女都需要在这一改革中发挥更有力的作用。然而，还需要进一步的研究和行动，以确定国家和妇女需要承担的具体角色和活动类型，从而实现1994年国际人口与发展会议设定的生殖健康目标。
