Birch Stacy, Chase Christopher
Department of Psychology, SUNY College at Brockport, NY 14420, USA.
J Learn Disabil. 2004 Sep-Oct;37(5):389-410. doi: 10.1177/00222194040370050301.
In seven experiments, we investigated whether compensated and uncompensated adults with dyslexia show different patterns of deficits in magnocellular visual processing and in language processing tasks. In four visual tasks, we failed to find evidence of magnocellular deficits in either group. However, both groups of adults with dyslexia showed deficits in component language skills, and the degree of reading impairment predicted the nature and extent of these deficits. Uncompensated readers showed deficits in orthographic and especially phonological coding and awareness and were slower on rapid naming. Compensated readers showed word and nonword performance below controls but better than the uncompensated readers. The compensated group was not significantly less accurate than controls on phonological awareness, nor significantly worse overall on rapid naming.
在七项实验中，我们研究了患有阅读障碍的代偿型和非代偿型成年人在大细胞视觉处理和语言处理任务中是否表现出不同的缺陷模式。在四项视觉任务中，我们未能在任何一组中找到大细胞缺陷的证据。然而，两组患有阅读障碍的成年人在语言技能组成部分上均表现出缺陷，阅读障碍的程度预示了这些缺陷的性质和程度。非代偿型阅读者在正字法方面存在缺陷，尤其是在语音编码和意识方面，并且在快速命名任务中速度较慢。代偿型阅读者在单词和非单词表现上低于对照组，但优于非代偿型阅读者。代偿组在语音意识方面的准确性并不显著低于对照组，在快速命名任务中的整体表现也没有显著更差。
